College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jun;28(21):26948-26960. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12563-z. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
Cities are usually the final destination for consumable goods and services produced along supply chains and the most appropriate scale to implement policy. Consumption-based policies could complement current carbon emissions mitigation actions, but such studies at the city level are relatively rare. We used a demand-driven input-output model to explore a historical time series (1987-2012) of consumption-based emissions in Tianjin for the first time, a typical industrial city which has the largest carbon footprint in China. The results reveal the differences between consumption- and production-based emissions, and Tianjin has transformed from a producer city into a typical consumer city since 2000s, mainly due to infrastructure construction. There is more capital investment in industrial infrastructures than in real estate in Tianjin, causing the largest carbon footprint. The trade deficit and different carbon intensity have substantial influences on consumption-based emissions. Finally, population, income, and urbanization could enable a more accurate interpretation of urban carbon footprint growth. Demand-driven policy implications for addressing these emissions in booming industrial cities are discussed and provide a new perspective on carbon emissions mitigation. Our results offer valuable lessons on industrial cities' strategies and initiatives for climate change mitigation worldwide, particularly in developing countries.
城市通常是供应链中生产的消费品和服务的最终目的地，也是实施政策的最合适规模。基于消费的政策可以补充当前减少碳排放的行动，但在城市层面上进行此类研究相对较少。我们首次使用需求驱动的投入产出模型来探索天津市（中国碳足迹最大的典型工业城市）的基于消费的排放的历史时间序列（1987-2012 年）。结果揭示了消费和生产基础排放量之间的差异，自 21 世纪以来，天津市已从一个生产型城市转变为典型的消费型城市，这主要是由于基础设施建设所致。天津市的工业基础设施资本投资多于房地产，导致最大的碳足迹。贸易逆差和不同的碳强度对基于消费的排放有实质性影响。最后，人口、收入和城市化可以更准确地解释城市碳足迹的增长。本文讨论了针对这些在蓬勃发展的工业城市中的排放采取需求驱动的政策措施的意义，并为减少碳排放提供了新视角。我们的研究结果为全球，特别是发展中国家的工业城市的气候变化缓解战略和举措提供了有价值的经验。
