College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 23;22(3):1078. doi: 10.3390/ijms22031078.
As sessile organisms, plants have evolved unique patterns of growth and development, elaborate metabolism and special perception and signaling mechanisms to environmental cues. Likewise, plants have complex and highly special programs for transcriptional control of gene expression. A case study for the special transcription control in plants is the expansion of general transcription factors, particularly the family of Transcription Factor IIB (TFIIB)-like factors with 15 members in Arabidopsis. For more than a decade, molecular and genetic analysis has revealed important functions of these TFIIB-like factors in specific biological processes including gametogenesis, pollen tube growth guidance, embryogenesis, endosperm development, and plant-microbe interactions. The redundant, specialized, and diversified roles of these TFIIB-like factors challenge the traditional definition of general transcription factors established in other eukaryotes. In this review, we discuss general transcription factors in plants with a focus on the expansion and functional analysis of plant TFIIB-like proteins to highlight unique aspects of plant transcription programs that can be highly valuable for understanding the molecular basis of plant growth, development and responses to stress conditions.
作为固着生物，植物进化出了独特的生长和发育模式、精细的代谢以及对环境线索的特殊感知和信号机制。同样，植物对基因表达的转录控制具有复杂而高度特殊的程序。植物中特殊转录控制的一个案例研究是一般转录因子的扩展，特别是在拟南芥中有 15 个成员的转录因子 IIB（TFIIB）样因子家族。十多年来，分子和遗传分析揭示了这些 TFIIB 样因子在特定生物学过程中的重要功能，包括配子发生、花粉管生长导向、胚胎发生、胚乳发育和植物-微生物相互作用。这些 TFIIB 样因子的冗余、专业化和多样化作用挑战了在其他真核生物中建立的一般转录因子的传统定义。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了植物中的一般转录因子，重点介绍了植物 TFIIB 样蛋白的扩展和功能分析，以突出植物转录程序的独特方面，这对于理解植物生长、发育和对胁迫条件的反应的分子基础具有重要价值。
