Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Zurich Center for Integrated Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2021 Jun 15;27(7):1139-1152. doi: 10.1093/ibd/izaa328.
The rise in the prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases in the past decades coincides with changes in nutritional habits, such as adaptation of a Western diet. However, it is largely unknown how certain nutritional habits, such as energy drink consumption, affect intestinal inflammation. Here, we assessed the effect of energy drink supplementation on the development of intestinal inflammation in vitro and in vivo.
HT-29 and T84 intestinal epithelial cells and THP-1 monocytic cells were treated with IFNγ in presence or absence of different concentrations of an energy drink. Colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by addition of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to drinking water with or without supplementation of the energy drink.
Energy drink supplementation caused a dose-dependent decrease in IFNγ-induced epithelial barrier permeability, which was accompanied by upregulation of the pore-forming protein claudin-2. Administration of the energy drink reduced secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α from HT-29, T84, and THP-1 cells. In vivo, energy drink administration reduced clinical symptoms of DSS-induced colitis and epithelial barrier permeability. Endoscopic and histologic colitis scores and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced by energy drink co-administration.
Energy drink consumption seems to exert an unexpected anti-inflammatory effect in vitro and in vivo in our experimental setting. However, our experimental approach focuses on intestinal inflammation and neglects additional effects of energy drink consumption on the body (eg, on metabolism or sleep). Therefore, the translation of our findings into the human situation must be taken with caution.
过去几十年来，炎症性肠病的患病率上升与营养习惯的改变相吻合，例如西方饮食的适应。然而，人们对某些营养习惯（如能量饮料的消费）如何影响肠道炎症知之甚少。在这里，我们评估了能量饮料补充对体外和体内肠道炎症发展的影响。
用 IFNγ 在存在或不存在不同浓度能量饮料的情况下处理 HT-29 和 T84 肠上皮细胞和 THP-1 单核细胞。通过在饮用水中添加葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）并用或不用能量饮料补充来诱导 C57BL/6 小鼠结肠炎。
能量饮料补充导致 IFNγ 诱导的上皮屏障通透性呈剂量依赖性下降，这伴随着孔形成蛋白 Claudin-2 的上调。能量饮料的给药减少了 HT-29、T84 和 THP-1 细胞中促炎细胞因子白细胞介素-6 和肿瘤坏死因子-α的分泌。在体内，能量饮料给药可降低 DSS 诱导的结肠炎的临床症状和上皮屏障通透性。能量饮料联合给药可显著降低内镜和组织学结肠炎评分以及促炎细胞因子的表达。
在我们的实验设置中，能量饮料的消耗似乎在体外和体内表现出一种意想不到的抗炎作用。然而，我们的实验方法侧重于肠道炎症，而忽略了能量饮料消耗对身体的其他影响（例如，对代谢或睡眠的影响）。因此，必须谨慎地将我们的发现转化为人类情况。
