Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA; email:
Annu Rev Phys Chem. 2021 Apr 20;72:467-488. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-090519-050109. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
Enzyme cascades are plentiful in nature, but they also have potential in artificial applications due to the possibility of using the target substrate in biofuel cells, electrosynthesis, and biosensors. Cascade reactions from enzymes or hybrid bioorganic catalyst systems exhibit extended substrate range, reaction depth, and increased overall performance. This review addresses the strategies of cascade biocatalysis and bioelectrocatalysis for () CO fixation, () high value-added product formation, () sustainable energy sources via deep oxidation, and () cascaded electrochemical enzymatic biosensors. These recent updates in the field provide fundamental concepts, designs of artificial electrocatalytic oxidation-reduction pathways (using a flexible setup involving organic catalysts and engineered enzymes), and advances in hybrid cascaded sensors for sensitive analyte detection.
酶级联在自然界中很丰富，但由于它们有可能在生物燃料电池、电合成和生物传感器中使用目标底物，因此在人工应用中也具有潜力。来自酶或混合生物有机催化剂系统的级联反应表现出扩展的底物范围、反应深度和提高的整体性能。本综述讨论了用于 () CO 固定、() 高附加值产物形成、() 通过深度氧化的可持续能源以及 () 级联电化学酶生物传感器的级联生物催化和生物电化学的策略。该领域的这些最新进展提供了基本概念、人工电催化氧化还原途径的设计（使用涉及有机催化剂和工程酶的灵活设置）以及用于灵敏分析物检测的混合级联传感器的进展。
