Independent Researcher, 1353 Tanaka Drive, San Jose, CA 95131, USA.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 Jan 25;13(2):362. doi: 10.3390/nu13020362.
Dietary intake of multivitamins, zinc, polyphenols, omega fatty acids, and probiotics have all shown benefits in learning, spatial memory, and cognitive function. It is important to determine the most effective combination of antioxidants and/or probiotics because regular ingestion of all nutraceuticals may not be practical. This study examined various combinations of nutrients to determine which may best enhance spatial memory and cognitive performance in the house cricket ( (L.)).
Based on the 31 possible combinations of multivitamins, zinc, polyphenols, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and probiotics, 128 house crickets were divided into one control group and 31 experimental groups with four house crickets in each group. Over eight weeks, crickets were fed their respective nutrients, and an Alternation Test and Recognition Memory Test were conducted every week using a Y-maze to test spatial working memory.
The highest-scoring diets shared by both tests were the combination of multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids (VitZncPuf; Alternation: slope = 0.07226, Recognition Memory: slope = 0.07001), the combination of probiotics, polyphenols, multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 PUFAs (ProPolVitZncPuf; Alternation: slope = 0.07182, Recognition Memory: slope = 0.07001), the combination of probiotics, multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 PUFAs (ProVitZncPuf; Alternation: slope = 0.06999, Recognition Memory: slope = 0.07001), and the combination of polyphenols, multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 PUFAs (PolVitZncPuf; Alternation: slope = 0.06873, Recognition Memory: slope = 0.06956).
All of the nutrient combinations demonstrated a benefit over the control diet, but the most significant improvement compared to the control was found in the VitZncPuf, ProVitZncPuf, PolVitZncPuf, and ProPolVitZncPuf. Since this study found no significant difference between the performance and improvement of subjects within these four groups, the combination of multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids (VitZncPuf) was concluded to be the most effective option for improving memory and cognitive performance.
多种维生素、锌、多酚、欧米伽脂肪酸和益生菌的饮食摄入都已显示出对学习、空间记忆和认知功能有益。确定抗氧化剂和/或益生菌的最有效组合非常重要，因为经常摄入所有营养保健品可能并不实际。本研究检查了各种营养素的组合，以确定哪些组合最能提高蟋蟀（（L.））的空间记忆和认知表现。
基于 31 种可能的多种维生素、锌、多酚、欧米伽-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和益生菌组合，将 128 只家蟋蟀分为一个对照组和 31 个实验组，每组有 4 只家蟋蟀。在八周内，给蟋蟀喂食各自的营养物质，并使用 Y 型迷宫每周进行交替测试和识别记忆测试，以测试空间工作记忆。
两个测试中得分最高的饮食是多种维生素、锌和欧米伽-3 脂肪酸的组合（VitZncPuf；交替：斜率=0.07226，识别记忆：斜率=0.07001），益生菌、多酚、多种维生素、锌和欧米伽-3 PUFAs 的组合（ProPolVitZncPuf；交替：斜率=0.07182，识别记忆：斜率=0.07001），益生菌、多种维生素、锌和欧米伽-3 PUFAs 的组合（ProVitZncPuf；交替：斜率=0.06999，识别记忆：斜率=0.07001），以及多酚、多种维生素、锌和欧米伽-3 PUFAs 的组合（PolVitZncPuf；交替：斜率=0.06873，识别记忆：斜率=0.06956）。
与对照组相比，所有营养素组合都表现出益处，但与对照组相比，VitZncPuf、ProVitZncPuf、PolVitZncPuf 和 ProPolVitZncPuf 表现出的改善最为显著。由于本研究发现这四个组内的实验对象的表现和改善之间没有显著差异，因此得出结论，多种维生素、锌和欧米伽-3 脂肪酸（VitZncPuf）的组合是改善记忆和认知表现的最有效选择。
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