School of Education, Language, and Psychology, York St John University, York, UK.
School of Psychology, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK.
Percept Mot Skills. 2021 Apr;128(2):672-691. doi: 10.1177/0031512520987364. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
Executive function (EF) is known to be influenced by mood, but whether this relationship holds for populations of athletes and whether athletic expertise moderates it is uncertain. Thus, in the current study, we examined relationships between positive and negative affect (i.e., mood), the lower-order cortical aspects of executive function (i.e., inhibition, shifting and updating), and athletic expertise. A sample of 256 participants (55.08% male; = 20.69) completed a self-report mood measure and computerized tests of EF. Individuals with more athletic expertise reported higher positive affect and better EF scores, whereas those with less athletic expertise reported higher negative affect. Structural equation modelling indicated that positive affect was related to better inhibition, shifting, and updating performance but was not related to performance errors. Similarly, negative affect was related to better EF, except for the inhibition latency score. Athletic expertise moderated all significant associations between mood and EF and higher expertise facilitated higher EF performance. Together, athletic expertise is an important individual differences factor in understanding the influence of mood on EF performance.
执行功能（EF）已知受情绪影响，但这种关系是否适用于运动员群体，以及运动专长是否会调节这种关系尚不确定。因此，在本研究中，我们考察了积极和消极情绪（即情绪）、执行功能的下皮质方面（即抑制、转换和更新）以及运动专长之间的关系。256 名参与者（55.08%为男性； = 20.69）完成了一份自我报告的情绪测量和计算机执行功能测试。运动专长较高的个体报告了更高的积极情绪和更好的执行功能得分，而运动专长较低的个体报告了更高的消极情绪。结构方程模型表明，积极情绪与更好的抑制、转换和更新表现相关，但与表现错误无关。同样，消极情绪与更好的执行功能相关，除了抑制潜伏期分数。运动专长调节了情绪和执行功能之间的所有显著关联，并且更高的专长促进了更高的执行功能表现。总之，运动专长是理解情绪对执行功能表现影响的一个重要个体差异因素。
