López-Anchondo Arely Nohemí, López-de la Cruz Daniel, Gutiérrez-Reyes Edgar, Castañeda-Ramírez José Cristobal, De la Fuente-Salcido Norma Margarita
Bioprospecting and Bioprocesses Department, Biological Sciences Faculty, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 27275 Torreón, Coahuila México.
Agricultural Technology Center School, No. 206, Carretera Torreón-Mieleras Km. 3, 27084 Torreón, Coahuila México.
Indian J Microbiol. 2021 Mar;61(1):85-90. doi: 10.1007/s12088-020-00906-2. Epub 2020 Sep 2.
Fungi are the primary infectious agents in plant crops and many post-harvest fungal diseases of fruit and vegetables causing significant economic losses worldwide. Here, the antifungal effect of extract (E) against phytopathogenic fungi was evaluated. The effect with E (5, 4, 2, 1, 0%) as AI (%) and radial growth rate reduction (K %) were determined in vitro in and (1 × 10 spores/mL). The phytopathogenicity of fungal strains was performed under in vivo conditions (room temperature, 25-30 °C and refrigeration, ~ 4 °C) by fruit surface inoculation method on strawberries, tomatoes and carrots by recording the development of mycelial growth, necrosis, soft rot and dehydration symptoms showed on each fruit at 14 days. The extract (5%) showed the highest AI against (~ 96%), and (~ 79%) and growth rate reduction of 74.92% and 64.82% respectively. Likewise, the extract controls the development of phytopathogenicity symptoms against and in vivo conditions, nevertheless, was less efficiency against both species. The extract represents an efficient, economical, and eco-friendly alternative to preserve the quality of the agricultural products and to increase their shelf life.
真菌是农作物中的主要感染源，许多水果和蔬菜的采后真菌病害在全球范围内造成了重大经济损失。在此，评估了提取物（E）对植物病原真菌的抗真菌作用。在体外，以E（5%、4%、2%、1%、0%）作为活性成分（AI）百分比，并在青霉（Penicillium）和曲霉（Aspergillus）（1×10⁶个孢子/毫升）中测定径向生长速率降低率（K%）。通过在草莓、番茄和胡萝卜上采用果实表面接种法，在体内条件下（室温，25 - 30°C和冷藏，约4°C），通过记录14天时每个果实上显示的菌丝体生长、坏死、软腐和脱水症状，来检测真菌菌株的致病性。提取物（5%）对青霉（96%）和曲霉（79%）显示出最高的AI，生长速率降低率分别为74.92%和64.82%。同样，该提取物在体内条件下可控制针对青霉和曲霉的植物致病性症状的发展，然而，对这两种曲霉属物种的效果较差。该提取物是一种有效、经济且环保的替代品，可用于保持农产品质量并延长其保质期。
