Davis Jessica A, Mohebbi Mohammadreza, Collier Fiona, Loughman Amy, Shivappa Nitin, Hébert James R, Pasco Julie A, Jacka Felice N
Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, HERB Building, Level 3, 285-299 Ryrie St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
Deakin University, Faculty of Health, Biostatistics Unit, Building BC, Room BC4.121, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
Prev Med Rep. 2021 Jan 7;21:101316. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101316. eCollection 2021 Mar.
Low muscle mass is associated with reduced independence and increased risk for falls and fractures. Identification of modifiable risk factors for low muscle mass is thus imperative. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship between both diet quality and patterns and lean mass in Australian women. Data from n = 494 participants of the Geelong Osteoporosis Study's 10- and 15-year women's follow-ups were used (conducted in 2004-08 and 2011-14, respectively), and participants were aged 21-89 years. Self-reported lifestyle and demographics were collected, and food frequency questionnaire data informed the dietary exposure variables: the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS); the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII); and a posteriori dietary patterns. The outcome, Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI), was calculated from DXA-derived appendicular lean mass (ALM) relative to height (ALM kg/m). Analyses employed Generalised Estimating Equations. A higher ARFS score positively predicted SMI over 5-years, and adjustments for age and physical activity did not attenuate this relationship (B:0.044, (95%CI 0.004, 0.084) kg/m). Following adjustment, both an anti-inflammatory diet (B:-0.034, (95%CI -0.070, -0.002) kg/m) and a 'traditional' dietary pattern predicted higher SMI (B:0.081, (95%CI 0.004, 0.158) kg/m). No other associations were observed. Our study reinforces the importance of diet quality for healthy, aging muscle mass. Furthermore, a less inflammatory diet and a diet comprising a wide variety of plant and animal foods may be conducive to maintenance of muscle mass in women. Further studies investigating diet quality's impact on various muscle health measures over longer time periods are warranted.
肌肉量低与独立性降低以及跌倒和骨折风险增加有关。因此，识别可改变的肌肉量低的风险因素势在必行。本研究旨在探讨澳大利亚女性饮食质量和模式与瘦体重之间的纵向关系。使用了来自吉朗骨质疏松症研究10年和15年女性随访的n = 494名参与者的数据（分别在2004 - 2008年和2011 - 2014年进行），参与者年龄在21 - 89岁之间。收集了自我报告的生活方式和人口统计学信息，食物频率问卷数据为饮食暴露变量提供了信息：澳大利亚推荐食物评分（ARFS）；饮食炎症指数（DII）；以及事后饮食模式。结果指标骨骼肌指数（SMI）是根据双能X线吸收法得出的相对于身高的四肢瘦体重（ALM）计算得出（ALM kg/m）。分析采用广义估计方程。较高的ARFS评分在5年期间对SMI有正向预测作用，对年龄和身体活动进行调整并没有减弱这种关系（B：0.044，（95%置信区间0.004，0.084）kg/m）。调整后，抗炎饮食（B：-0.034，（95%置信区间-0.070，-0.002）kg/m）和“传统”饮食模式均预测SMI较高（B：0.081，（95%置信区间0.004，0.158）kg/m）。未观察到其他关联。我们的研究强化了饮食质量对健康衰老肌肉量的重要性。此外，炎症性较低的饮食以及包含多种植物和动物食物的饮食可能有助于维持女性的肌肉量。有必要进行进一步的研究，以调查饮食质量在更长时间段内对各种肌肉健康指标的影响。
