Urakov Aleksandr, Urakova Natalia, Nikolenko Vladimir, Belkharoeva Rosa, Achkasov Evgeny, Kochurova Ekaterina, Gavryushova Liliya, Sinelnikov Mikhail
Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhevsk, Russia.
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Heliyon. 2021 Jan 15;7(1):e05954. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05954. eCollection 2021 Jan.
Currently, there is no available medication for immediate correction of bruise discoloration. Instead, makeup, cosmetic powders, concealers, and various traditional herbal remedies are used to mask discoloration. These approaches have no influence on the pathology behind the discoloration. The purpose of this study was to explore existing methods and current trends in correction of hemoglobin related cutaneous discoloration.
This paper describes the treatment methodologies available for proposed correction of hemoglobin related cutaneous discoloration. A thorough literature review was conducted to assess current knowledge of available treatments for bruise discoloration.
current cosmetics being marketed under the names "Bleacher bruises," "Bleaching agents" and "Blood bleachers" addressing bruise related discoloration do not offer targeted pathological treatment. Several methods for immediate discoloration of the skin and nail plate in the area of bruising and hematoma were found, yet no method offered sufficient clinical data in support of its efficacy and safety. The intricate mechanisms of discoloration associated with hemoglobin extravascular deterioration are not targeted by any treatment method. Only one paper outlining the clinical application of bleaching agents was found.
The primary blood pigments responsible for the discoloration in bruises include methemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin, carbohymoglobin, verdoglobin, biliverdin, and bilirubin. No existing method targets the degradation of hemoglobin in the area of ecchymosis. The efficacy of existing patented methods remains questionable and unsupported clinically. Future research should focus on developing a drug targeting hemoglobin derivatives, preventing discoloration at an early stage.
目前，尚无能够立即纠正瘀伤变色的药物。相反，人们使用化妆品、化妆粉、遮瑕膏和各种传统草药疗法来掩盖变色。这些方法对变色背后的病理过程没有影响。本研究的目的是探索纠正与血红蛋白相关的皮肤变色的现有方法和当前趋势。
本文描述了可用于纠正与血红蛋白相关的皮肤变色的治疗方法。进行了全面的文献综述，以评估目前关于瘀伤变色可用治疗方法的知识。
目前以“瘀伤漂白剂”、“漂白剂”和“血液漂白剂”等名称销售的针对瘀伤相关变色的化妆品并未提供针对性的病理治疗。发现了几种使瘀伤和血肿部位的皮肤和指甲板立即变色的方法，但没有一种方法有足够的临床数据支持其有效性和安全性。与血管外血红蛋白降解相关的复杂变色机制没有任何治疗方法能够针对。仅发现一篇概述漂白剂临床应用的论文。
导致瘀伤变色的主要血液色素包括高铁血红蛋白、氧合血红蛋白、碳氧血红蛋白、胆绿蛋白、胆红素和胆红素。现有的方法均未针对瘀斑部位血红蛋白的降解。现有专利方法的有效性在临床上仍存在疑问且缺乏支持。未来的研究应专注于开发一种针对血红蛋白衍生物的药物，在早期预防变色。
