Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Parasitol Res. 2021 Dec;120(12):4219-4228. doi: 10.1007/s00436-020-06992-x. Epub 2021 Jan 28.
Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) are highly prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries, mainly due to favorable climate conditions and reduced adoption of preventive measures. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview on the prevalence of CVBDs in Iran and Pakistan where limited data are available. Blood samples were collected from 403 dogs from six provinces in Iran and Pakistan to assess the presence of pathogen DNA (i.e., Anaplasma spp., Coxiella burnetii, Ehrlichia spp., Rickettsia spp., Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp., filarioids, and Leishmania spp.). Sera were also screened by an immunofluorescence antibody test for the detection of antibodies against Leishmania infantum. In total, 46.9% of dogs scored positive to Hepatozoon canis being the most frequently detected (41.4%), followed by Anaplasma platys (6.4%), Ehrlichia canis (3.4%), Rickettsia spp. (2.2%), Babesia vogeli (1.0%), and L. infantum (0.3%). A seroprevalence of 9.6% to anti-L. infantum IgG was also recorded. Data reported herein demonstrate that dogs from Iran and Pakistan are at a high risk of CVBDs, particularly of canine hepatozoonosis. Effective control strategies are advocated for minimizing the risk of infection in animals and humans, also in consideration of the zoonotic potential of some pathogens detected.
犬媒介传染病（CVBDs）在热带和亚热带国家非常普遍，主要是由于气候条件有利和预防措施减少。本研究旨在提供伊朗和巴基斯坦 CVBD 流行情况的综合概述，这两个国家的数据有限。从伊朗和巴基斯坦的六个省份采集了 403 只狗的血液样本，以评估病原体 DNA 的存在（即，无形体属、贝氏柯克斯体、埃立克体属、立克次体属、巴贝斯虫属、肝孢子虫属、丝状线虫和利什曼原虫属）。还通过免疫荧光抗体试验检测针对利什曼原虫婴儿的抗体来筛查血清。总共，46.9%的狗对犬肝孢子虫呈阳性，其中最常见的是犬无形体属（41.4%），其次是平形无浆体（6.4%）、犬埃立克体（3.4%）、立克次体属（2.2%）、巴贝斯虫 vogeli（1.0%）和利什曼原虫婴儿（0.3%）。还记录了针对抗利什曼原虫婴儿 IgG 的血清阳性率为 9.6%。本文报告的数据表明，来自伊朗和巴基斯坦的狗患 CVBD 的风险很高，特别是犬肝孢子虫病。提倡采取有效的控制策略，以最大限度地降低动物和人类感染的风险，同时考虑到一些检测到的病原体的人畜共患潜力。
