Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China.
Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 28;16(1):e0246081. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246081. eCollection 2021.
Wildlife crime presents a growing threat to the integrity of ecological communities. While campaigns have raised consumer awareness, little is known about the socio-demographic profile of wildlife offenders, or how to intervene. Using data from China Judgements Online (2014-2018), we documented 4,735 cases, involving 7,244 offenders who smuggled, hunted, transported, sold and/or purchased protected species in contravention of China's Criminal Law. Offenders were predominantly men (93.0% of 7,143 offenders), aged 30-44 (43.9% of 4,699), agricultural workers (48.4% of 3,960), with less schooling (78.6% of 4,699 < senior secondary school). Socio-economic profiles related to crime seriousness, the type of illegal activity, motivation and taxon involved. These generalizations reveal scope to tailor specific intervention and mitigation approaches to offender profiles, through public information campaigns, proactive incentives opposed by punitive disincentives, and provision of alternative incomes.
野生动物犯罪对生态群落的完整性构成了日益严重的威胁。虽然相关活动提高了消费者的意识，但对于野生动物犯罪者的社会人口学特征，以及如何进行干预，我们知之甚少。本研究利用中国裁判文书网（2014-2018 年）的数据，记录了 4735 起案件，涉及 7244 名罪犯，他们违反中国刑法走私、狩猎、运输、销售和/或购买受保护物种。罪犯主要是男性（7143 名罪犯中的 93.0%），年龄在 30-44 岁（4699 名罪犯中的 43.9%），农业工人（3960 名罪犯中的 48.4%），受教育程度较低（4699 名罪犯中 78.6% < 高中）。社会经济状况与犯罪严重程度、非法活动类型、动机和所涉及的分类群有关。这些概括揭示了通过公共信息宣传、反对惩罚性激励的积极激励以及提供替代收入，针对罪犯特征制定具体干预和缓解措施的范围。
