Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; Department of Public Health Nursing, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
J Infect Public Health. 2021 Feb;14(2):271-275. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.11.018. Epub 2021 Jan 25.
Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, specifically cagA-positive strains, is associated with gastric cancer. Thus, measures to prevent H. pylori infection are required. This study was conducted to clarify the prevalence of H. pylori in the community to identify the infection source and comprehensively assess the risk of H. pylori infection.
We collected 90 human faecal samples and 73 environmental samples (water, vegetable, and animal faecal samples) from the residents in an area with a high incidence of gastric cancer in Japan. Polymerase chain reaction assay was performed to detect the glmM housekeeping gene and the cagA virulence gene of H. pylori. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and the responses were analyzed statistically.
The glmM gene was detected in 18 of 90 (20%) faecal samples obtained from residents; among them, the cagA gene was detected in 33.3% (6/18), and in all who had undergone eradication therapy. H. pylori was not detected in environmental samples. However, contact with dogs (OR 3.89, 95% CI 1.15-13.15, P < 0.05) was associated with higher odds for glmM gene positivity in the questionnaire survey.
The prevalence of H. pylori and cagA-positive strains among the residents was low. However, the study results suggest a correlation between recurrent infection and cagA-positive H. pylori strains. Although H. pylori genes were not detected in living environments, an association between contact with dogs and a glmM positive status was revealed. Further investigations targeting community-dwelling healthy people and their living environments would be required for H. pylori infection control.
慢性感染幽门螺杆菌，特别是 cagA 阳性菌株，与胃癌有关。因此，需要采取措施预防 H. pylori 感染。本研究旨在阐明社区中 H. pylori 的流行情况，以确定感染源，并全面评估 H. pylori 感染的风险。
我们收集了日本胃癌高发地区 90 个人类粪便样本和 73 个环境样本（水、蔬菜和动物粪便样本）。采用聚合酶链反应检测幽门螺杆菌的 glmM 管家基因和 cagA 毒力基因。进行问卷调查，并对回答进行统计分析。
从居民中获得的 90 份粪便样本中有 18 份（20%）检测到 glmM 基因；其中，cagA 基因的检出率为 33.3%（6/18），且均接受过根除治疗。在环境样本中未检测到 H. pylori。然而，在问卷调查中，与狗接触（OR 3.89，95%CI 1.15-13.15，P<0.05）与 glmM 基因阳性的可能性更高相关。
居民中 H. pylori 和 cagA 阳性菌株的流行率较低。然而，研究结果表明，反复感染与 cagA 阳性 H. pylori 菌株之间存在相关性。虽然在生活环境中未检测到 H. pylori 基因，但发现与狗接触与 glmM 阳性状态之间存在关联。需要对社区居住的健康人群及其生活环境进行进一步的调查，以控制 H. pylori 感染。
