Saeedi-Boroujeni Ali, Mahmoudian-Sani Mohammad-Reza
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical, Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
J Inflamm (Lond). 2021 Jan 28;18(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s12950-021-00268-6.
SARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus causing severe inflammatory pneumonia, so that excessive inflammation is considered a risk factor for the disease. According to reports, cytokine storm is strongly responsible for death in such patients. Some of the consequences of severe inflammation and cytokine storms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute lung injury, and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. Phylogenetic findings show more similarity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with bat coronaviruses, and less with SARS-CoV. Quercetin is a carbohydrate-free flavonoid that is the most abundant flavonoid in vegetables and fruits and has been the most studied to determine the biological effects of flavonoids. Inflammasomes are cytosolic multi-protein complexes assembling in response to cytosolic PAMP and DAMPs, whose function is to generate active forms of cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Activation or inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome is affected by regulators such as TXNIP, SIRT1 and NRF2. Quercetin suppresses the NLRP3 inflammasome by affecting these regulators. Quercetin, as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic and inflammatory compound, is probably a potential treatment for severe inflammation and one of the main life-threatening conditions in patients with COVID-19.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）是一种引起严重炎症性肺炎的β冠状病毒，因此过度炎症被认为是该疾病的一个危险因素。据报道，细胞因子风暴是此类患者死亡的主要原因。严重炎症和细胞因子风暴的一些后果包括急性呼吸窘迫综合征、急性肺损伤和多器官功能障碍综合征。系统发育研究结果表明，SARS-CoV-2病毒与蝙蝠冠状病毒的相似性更高，与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）的相似性较低。槲皮素是一种不含碳水化合物的类黄酮，是蔬菜和水果中最丰富的类黄酮，也是研究类黄酮生物学效应最多的物质。炎性小体是一种胞质多蛋白复合物，可响应胞质病原体相关分子模式（PAMP）和损伤相关分子模式（DAMP）而组装，其功能是产生细胞因子白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素-18（IL-18）的活性形式。NLRP3炎性小体的激活或抑制受硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白（TXNIP）、沉默调节蛋白1（SIRT1）和核因子E2相关因子2（NRF2）等调节因子的影响。槲皮素通过影响这些调节因子来抑制NLRP3炎性小体。槲皮素作为一种抗炎、抗氧化、镇痛和抗炎化合物，可能是治疗严重炎症以及新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）患者主要危及生命状况的一种潜在药物。
