Hrůzová Kateřina, Matsakas Leonidas, Karnaouri Anthi, Norén Fredrik, Rova Ulrika, Christakopoulos Paul
Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
N-Research AB, Gränsgatan 17, 453 30, Lysekil, Sweden.
Biotechnol Biofuels. 2021 Jan 28;14(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s13068-021-01875-4.
One of the sustainable development goals focuses on the biomass-based production as a replacement for fossil-based commodities. A novel feedstock with vast potentials is tunicate biomass, which can be pretreated and fermented in a similar way to lignocellulose. Ciona intestinalis is a marine filter feeder that is cultivated to produce fish feed. While the inner tissue body is used for feed production, the surrounding tunic remains as a cellulose-rich by-product, which can be further separated into outer and inner tunic. Ethanol production from organosolv-pretreated whole-tunic biomass was recently validated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential of organosolv pretreated outer-tunic biomass for the production of biofuels and cellobiose that is a disaccharide with prebiotic potential.
As a result, 41.4 g/L of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, corresponding to a 90.2% theoretical yield, was achieved under the optimal conditions when the tunicate biomass was pretreated at 195 °C for 60 min at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 50. In addition, cellobiose production by enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated tunicate biomass was demonstrated with a maximum conversion yield of 49.7 wt. %.
The utilisation of tunicate biomass offers an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative for value-added biofuels and chemicals. The cultivation of tunicate biomass in shallow coastal sea improves the quality of the water and ensures sustainable production of fish feed. Moreover, there is no competition for arable land, which leaves the latter available for food and feed production.
可持续发展目标之一聚焦于以生物质为基础的生产，以替代基于化石的商品。一种具有巨大潜力的新型原料是被囊动物生物质，它可以通过与木质纤维素类似的方式进行预处理和发酵。玻璃海鞘是一种海洋滤食性动物，被养殖用于生产鱼饲料。当内部组织体用于饲料生产时，周围的被囊作为富含纤维素的副产品保留下来，该副产品可进一步分离为外层被囊和内层被囊。最近已验证了从有机溶剂预处理的全被囊生物质生产乙醇的可行性。本研究的目的是评估有机溶剂预处理的外层被囊生物质用于生产生物燃料和具有益生元潜力的二糖纤维二糖的潜力。
结果表明，当被囊动物生物质在195℃下以液固比50预处理60分钟时，在最佳条件下，酿酒酵母可生产41.4 g/L乙醇，对应理论产率为90.2%。此外，通过对预处理的被囊动物生物质进行酶水解可生产纤维二糖，最大转化率为49.7 wt.%。
利用被囊动物生物质为增值生物燃料和化学品提供了一种生态友好且可持续的替代方案。在浅海沿岸海域养殖被囊动物生物质可改善水质，并确保鱼饲料的可持续生产。此外，不存在对耕地的竞争，从而使耕地可用于粮食和饲料生产。
