Muckom Riya J, Sampayo Rocío G, Johnson Hunter J, Schaffer David V
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
Adv Funct Mater. 2020 Nov 25;30(48). doi: 10.1002/adfm.202002931. Epub 2020 Aug 12.
The progressively deeper understanding of mechanisms underlying stem cell fate decisions has enabled parallel advances in basic biology-such as the generation of organoid models that can further one's basic understanding of human development and disease-and in clinical translation-including stem cell based therapies to treat human disease. Both of these applications rely on tight control of the stem cell microenvironment to properly modulate cell fate, and materials that can be engineered to interface with cells in a controlled and tunable manner have therefore emerged as valuable tools for guiding stem cell growth and differentiation. With a focus on the central nervous system (CNS), a broad range of material solutions that have been engineered to overcome various hurdles in constructing advanced organoid models and developing effective stem cell therapeutics is reviewed. Finally, regulatory aspects of combined material-cell approaches for CNS therapies are considered.
对干细胞命运决定机制的逐步深入理解，推动了基础生物学（如类器官模型的生成，可进一步加深人们对人类发育和疾病的基本认识）和临床转化（包括基于干细胞的疗法来治疗人类疾病）的同步进展。这两种应用都依赖于对干细胞微环境的严格控制，以适当地调节细胞命运，因此，能够以可控和可调方式与细胞相互作用的工程材料已成为指导干细胞生长和分化的宝贵工具。本文重点关注中枢神经系统（CNS），综述了一系列为克服构建先进类器官模型和开发有效的干细胞疗法中的各种障碍而设计的材料解决方案。最后，探讨了中枢神经系统疗法中材料与细胞联合应用的监管问题。
