Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2021 Jan 11;10(1):20. doi: 10.1167/tvst.10.1.20. eCollection 2021 Jan.
One rehabilitation strategy taught to individuals with hemianopic field loss (HFL) is to make a large blind side scan to quickly identify hazards. However, it is not clear what the minimum threshold is for how large the scan should be. Using driving simulation, we evaluated thresholds (criteria) for gaze and head scan magnitudes that best predict detection safety.
Seventeen participants with complete HFL and 15 with normal vision (NV) drove through 4 routes in a virtual city while their eyes and head were tracked. Participants pressed the horn as soon as they detected a motorcycle (10 per drive) that appeared 54 degrees eccentricity on cross-streets and approached toward the driver.
Those with HFL detected fewer motorcycles than those with NV and had worse detection on the blind side than the seeing side. On the blind side, both safe detections and early detections (detections before the hazard entered the intersection) could be predicted with both gaze (safe 18.5 degrees and early 33.8 degrees) and head (safe 19.3 degrees and early 27 degrees) scans. However, on the seeing side, only early detections could be classified with gaze (25.3 degrees) and head (9.0 degrees).
Both head and gaze scan magnitude were significant predictors of detection on the blind side, but less predictive on the seeing side, which was likely driven by the ability to use peripheral vision. Interestingly, head scans were as predictive as gaze scans.
The minimum scan magnitude could be a useful criterion for scanning training or for developing assistive technologies to improve scanning.
向患有偏盲性视野缺损（HFL）的个体教授的一种康复策略是进行大范围的盲侧扫视，以快速识别危险。然而，目前尚不清楚扫视的大小应达到何种最小阈值。本研究采用驾驶模拟评估了预测检测安全性的最佳扫视幅度和头部扫描幅度的阈值（标准）。
17 名完全性 HFL 患者和 15 名正常视力（NV）患者在虚拟城市中驾驶 4 条路线，同时跟踪他们的眼睛和头部。当检测到在交叉街道上出现在 54 度偏角且朝驾驶员方向驶近的摩托车（每次驾驶 10 次）时，参与者会按响喇叭。
与 NV 患者相比，HFL 患者检测到的摩托车较少，且盲侧的检测效果不如可见侧。在盲侧，无论是安全检测还是早期检测（在危险进入交叉路口之前检测到），都可以通过注视（安全 18.5 度，早期 33.8 度）和头部（安全 19.3 度，早期 27 度）扫描进行预测。然而，在可见侧，仅通过注视（25.3 度）和头部（9.0 度）扫描可以对早期检测进行分类。
头部和注视扫描幅度都是盲侧检测的重要预测指标，但在可见侧的预测能力较弱，这可能是由于使用周边视觉的能力。有趣的是，头部扫描与注视扫描一样具有预测性。
本文的医学专业术语较多，为了保证译文的准确性和专业性，我对一些术语进行了保留，例如“hemianopic field loss”（偏盲性视野缺损）、“detection safety”（检测安全性）等。同时，为了使译文更符合中文表达习惯，我对部分语序进行了调整，例如“One rehabilitation strategy taught to individuals with hemianopic field loss (HFL) is to make a large blind side scan to quickly identify hazards.”翻译成“向患有偏盲性视野缺损（HFL）的个体教授的一种康复策略是进行大范围的盲侧扫视，以快速识别危险。”
