School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Plant Commun. 2020 Sep 20;2(1):100113. doi: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100113. eCollection 2021 Jan 11.
, a perennial herb of the genus in the family Araliaceae, has played an important role in clinical treatment in China for thousands of years because of its extensive pharmacological effects. Here, we report a high-quality reference genome of , with a genome size up to 2.66 Gb and a contig N50 of 1.12 Mb, produced with third-generation PacBio sequencing technology. This is the first chromosome-level genome assembly for the genus . Through genome evolution analysis, we explored phylogenetic and whole-genome duplication events and examined their impact on saponin biosynthesis. We performed a detailed transcriptional analysis of and explored gene-level mechanisms that regulate the formation of characteristic tubercles. Next, we studied the biosynthesis and regulation of saponins at temporal and spatial levels. We combined multi-omics data to identify genes that encode key enzymes in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway. Finally, we identified five glycosyltransferase genes whose products catalyzed the formation of different ginsenosides in . The genetic information obtained in this study provides a resource for further exploration of the growth characteristics, cultivation, breeding, and saponin biosynthesis of .
五加属植物是五加科五加属的多年生草本植物，由于其广泛的药理作用，在中国临床治疗中发挥了重要作用，已有数千年的历史。在这里，我们报道了高质量的 参考基因组，该基因组大小高达 26.6 Gb，并且使用第三代 PacBio 测序技术获得的重叠群 N50 为 1.12 Mb。这是五加属的第一个染色体水平的基因组组装。通过基因组进化分析，我们探讨了系统发育和全基因组复制事件，并研究了它们对皂苷生物合成的影响。我们对 进行了详细的转录分析，并探索了调节特征性块茎形成的基因水平机制。接下来，我们在时间和空间水平上研究了皂苷的生物合成和调控。我们结合多组学数据，鉴定出编码萜类生物合成途径中关键酶的基因。最后，我们鉴定了五个糖基转移酶基因，其产物在 中催化不同人参皂苷的形成。本研究获得的遗传信息为进一步探索 的生长特性、栽培、育种和皂苷生物合成提供了资源。
