Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Departments of Emergency Medicine and Population Health Science & Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Acad Emerg Med. 2021 Sep;28(9):993-1000. doi: 10.1111/acem.14221. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
Career paths leading to department chair positions are elusive. Women represent only 11% of academic emergency department (ED) chairs. It is unclear whether the pathway to chair is different for men and women; the characteristics, achievements, and qualifications among those who become ED chairs is unknown.
This study is a cross-sectional analysis of curriculum vitae (CV) of current ED chairs in departments with Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited residency programs. Former women chairs were included due to paucity of current women chairs. Statistics were calculated using bivariate and multivariate analysis.
Of 163 eligible chairs, 88 CV (54%) were obtained, including six former women chairs. A majority (86.4%) self-identified as White/Caucasian, 21.5% were women, 46% were chief residents, 28.4% completed additional postgraduate degrees, and 21.8% were fellowship trained. At time of chair appointment, 58% were professor rank, 53.5% held ED operations roles, and 32% served as vice chair. Women were more likely to be in educational (53% vs. 22%) versus operational (26% vs. 61%, p = 0.02) roles. Women obtained more advanced degrees (47% vs. 25%, p = 0.02), were awarded more nonfederal grants (median = 7 vs. 3, p = 0.04), and achieved more national committee leadership (median = 4 vs. 1, p = 0.02). There were no gender differences in fellowship training, awards, leadership training programs, publications, federal grants, or national/international lectures after adjusting for years in practice.
While the majority of chairs held prior leadership roles in ED operations, only one in five women chairs did, suggesting gender differences in the path to chair attainment. These differences in paths may contribute to persistent gender disparities in ED chairs and may be influenced by career path choices, implicit bias, and structural barriers.
通向系主任职位的职业道路难以捉摸。女性仅占学术急诊部 (ED) 主任的 11%。目前尚不清楚男性和女性的职业道路是否有所不同；担任 ED 主任的人的特征、成就和资格也不清楚。
本研究是对具有研究生医学教育认证委员会 (ACGME) 认证住院医师计划的部门现任 ED 主任的简历 (CV) 进行的横断面分析。由于现任女性主席人数较少，因此包括了以前的女性主席。使用双变量和多变量分析计算统计数据。
在 163 名符合条件的主席中，获得了 88 份 CV（54%），其中包括 6 名前女性主席。大多数（86.4%）自认为是白种人/高加索人，21.5%是女性，46%是首席住院医师，28.4%完成了额外的研究生学位，21.8%接受过奖学金培训。在任命主席时，58%为教授级别，53.5%担任 ED 运营角色，32%担任副主席。女性更有可能从事教育工作（53%对 22%），而不是运营工作（26%对 61%，p=0.02）。女性获得了更多的高级学位（47%对 25%，p=0.02），获得了更多的非联邦赠款（中位数=7 对 3，p=0.04），并在国家委员会领导方面取得了更多的成就（中位数=4 对 1，p=0.02）。调整实践年限后，在奖学金培训、奖项、领导力培训计划、出版物、联邦赠款或国内外演讲方面，男女之间没有差异。
虽然大多数主席在 ED 运营方面都有先前的领导经验，但只有五分之一的女性主席这样做，这表明女性在获得主席职位方面存在差异。这些获得途径上的差异可能导致 ED 主席中的性别差距持续存在，并且可能受到职业道路选择、隐性偏见和结构性障碍的影响。
