Department of Nephrology, Tokat State Hospital, Tokat, Turkey.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey.
J Med Virol. 2021 May;93(5):2992-2999. doi: 10.1002/jmv.26832. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
The present study examined the relationship between polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test positivity and clinical outcomes of vitamin D levels measured within the 6 months before the PCR test in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-positive patients. In this retrospective cohort study, COVID-19 (227) and non-COVID-19 patients (260) were divided into four groups according to their vitamin D levels: Group I (0-10 ng/ml), Group II (10-20 ng/ml), Group III (20-30 ng/ml), and Group IV (vitamin D > 30 ng/ml). Laboratory test results and the radiological findings were evaluated. In addition, for comparative purposes, medical records of 1200 patients who had a hospital visit in the November 1, 2019-November 1, 2020 period for complaints due to reasons not related to COVID-19 were investigated for the availability of vitamin D measurements. This search yielded 260 patients with tested vitamin D levels. Vitamin D levels were below 30 ng/ml in 94.27% of 227 COVID-19-positive patients (average age, 46.32 ± 1.24 years [range, 20-80 years] and 56.54% women) while 93.07% of 260 non-COVID-19 patients (average age, 44.63 ± 1.30 years [range, 18-75 years] and 59.50% women) had vitamin D levels below 30 ng/ml. Nevertheless, very severe vitamin D deficiency (<10 ng/ml) was considerably more common in COVID-19 patients (44%) (average age, 44.15 ± 1.89 years [range, 23-80 years] and 57.57% women) than in non-COVID-19 ones (31%) (average age, 46.50 ± 2.21 years [range, 20-75 years] and 62.5% women). Among COVID-19-positive patients, the group with vitamin D levels of >30 ng/ml had significantly lower D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, number levels, number of affected lung segments and shorter hospital stays. No difference was found among the groups in terms of age and gender distribution. Elevated vitamin D levels could decrease COVID-19 PCR positivity, D-dime and CRP levels and the number of affected lung segments in COVID-19-positive patients, thereby shortening the duration of hospital stays and alleviating the intensity of COVID-19.
本研究旨在探讨聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测阳性的 COVID-19 患者在 PCR 检测前 6 个月内维生素 D 水平与临床结局之间的关系。在这项回顾性队列研究中，根据维生素 D 水平将 COVID-19（227 例）和非 COVID-19（260 例）患者分为四组：I 组（0-10ng/ml）、II 组（10-20ng/ml）、III 组（20-30ng/ml）和 IV 组（维生素 D 水平>30ng/ml）。评估实验室检测结果和影像学发现。此外，为了进行比较，还调查了 2019 年 11 月 1 日至 2020 年 11 月 1 日期间因与 COVID-19 无关的原因就诊的 1200 名患者的病历，以了解维生素 D 测量的可用性。这一搜索得到了 260 名维生素 D 检测水平的患者。227 例 COVID-19 阳性患者中 94.27%的维生素 D 水平低于 30ng/ml（平均年龄 46.32±1.24 岁[范围 20-80 岁]，女性占 56.54%），而 260 例非 COVID-19 患者中 93.07%的维生素 D 水平低于 30ng/ml（平均年龄 44.63±1.30 岁[范围 18-75 岁]，女性占 59.50%）。然而，COVID-19 患者中严重维生素 D 缺乏症（<10ng/ml）的比例（44%）（平均年龄 44.15±1.89 岁[范围 23-80 岁]，女性占 57.57%）明显高于非 COVID-19 患者（31%）（平均年龄 46.50±2.21 岁[范围 20-75 岁]，女性占 62.5%）。在 COVID-19 阳性患者中，维生素 D 水平>30ng/ml 的患者 D-二聚体和 C 反应蛋白（CRP）水平、受累肺段数量和住院时间明显较短。各组在年龄和性别分布方面无差异。升高的维生素 D 水平可能会降低 COVID-19 PCR 检测阳性率、D-二聚体和 CRP 水平以及 COVID-19 阳性患者受累肺段数量，从而缩短住院时间并减轻 COVID-19 的严重程度。
