Mirkarimi Mohammadreza, Heidari Solmaz, Shamsizadeh Ahmad, Tahouri Kia, Alisamir Mohsen, Fathi Mohammadreza, Mohammadi Shooka
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 6;7(11):e70181. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70181. eCollection 2024 Nov.
There is a demand for additional data regarding the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the pediatric population. This study sought to determine the clinical and epidemiological features of pediatric COVID-19 in Iran.
A retrospective study was performed to assess medical records of children with COVID-19 admitted to Abuzar Hospital in Ahvaz (Iran). Their clinical and demographic data were recorded.
In this study, 600 medical records of pediatric COVID-19 patients were evaluated. Over 50% of them were boys. Mild, moderate, and severe manifestations of COVID-19 were identified in 250, 200, and 150 children, respectively. Patients with severe or moderate COVID-19 had substantially higher levels of various inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and d-dimer), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatine kinase (CPK), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), neutrophils, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (Cr), bilirubin, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) compared to children with mild COVID-19 ( < 0.001); they also had lower levels of lymphocytes, hemoglobin (Hb), and vitamin D than patients with mild COVID-19 ( < 0.001). In addition, children with severe or moderate COVID-19 had a notably higher incidence of fever or dry cough and longer hospital stays than those with mild COVID-19 ( < 0.001). The prevalence of malnutrition and anemia in patients was 50.6% and 31.5%, respectively. A significant proportion of children who were underweight and stunted experienced moderate to severe COVID-19. Furthermore, there was a considerably higher prevalence of malnutrition, anemia, and vitamin D insufficiency, or deficiency in children with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 compared to patients with mild COVID-19 ( < 0.001).
The outcomes of this study revealed a significantly higher prevalence of malnutrition, anemia, vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency, elevated liver and kidney function test results, and increased inflammatory markers in children with moderate to severe COVID-19 compared to those with mild COVID-19.
对于2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对儿童群体影响的更多数据存在需求。本研究旨在确定伊朗儿童COVID-19的临床和流行病学特征。
进行了一项回顾性研究，以评估在阿瓦士（伊朗）的阿布扎尔医院收治的COVID-19儿童的病历。记录了他们的临床和人口统计学数据。
在本研究中，对600份儿童COVID-19患者的病历进行了评估。其中超过50%为男孩。分别在250名、200名和150名儿童中发现了COVID-19的轻度、中度和重度表现。与轻度COVID-19儿童相比，重度或中度COVID-19患者的各种炎症标志物（C反应蛋白（CRP）、纤维蛋白原和D-二聚体）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、肌酸激酶（CPK）、血尿素氮（BUN）、中性粒细胞、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、肌酐（Cr）、胆红素和γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）水平显著更高（<0.001）；他们的淋巴细胞、血红蛋白（Hb）和维生素D水平也低于轻度COVID-19患者（<0.001）。此外，重度或中度COVID-19儿童发热或干咳的发生率明显高于轻度COVID-19儿童，住院时间也更长（<0.001）。患者中营养不良和贫血的患病率分别为50.6%和31.5%。很大一部分体重不足和发育迟缓的儿童经历了中度至重度COVID-19。此外，与轻度COVID-19患者相比，中度至重度COVID-19儿童中营养不良、贫血和维生素D不足或缺乏的患病率显著更高（<0.001）。
本研究结果显示，与轻度COVID-19儿童相比，中度至重度COVID-19儿童中营养不良、贫血、维生素D不足或缺乏、肝肾功能检查结果升高以及炎症标志物增加的患病率显著更高。
