Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France.
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
J Exp Bot. 2021 Mar 29;72(7):2312-2333. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab004.
Germination performance is affected following seed exposure to a combination of temperature fluctuations and cycles of hydration and dehydration. This has long been exploited in a seed technology termed priming, which increases germination speed and seedling vigour, but these benefits have often been associated with effects on seed lifespan, or longevity, with conflicting evidence for positive and negative effects. Seed longevity is a key seed trait influencing not only the storage of commercial stocks but also in situ and ex situ seed conservation. In the context of increasingly variable environmental conditions faced by both crops and wild species, this has led to renewed interest in understanding the molecular factors that underlie priming. Here, we provide an overview of the literature relating to the effect of priming on seed lifespan, and catalogue the different parameters used for priming treatments and their consequences on longevity for a range of species. Our current limited understanding of the molecular basis for priming effects is also outlined, with an emphasis on recent advances and promising approaches that should lead towards the application and monitoring of the priming process in a less empirical manner.
种子在经历温度波动和干湿循环的联合作用后，其萌发性能会受到影响。长期以来，人们一直利用一种名为引发的种子技术来利用这一点，该技术可以提高种子的萌发速度和幼苗活力，但这些益处通常与对种子寿命或 longevity 的影响有关，关于其积极和消极影响的证据相互矛盾。种子寿命是影响商业库存储存以及原位和异位种子保存的关键种子特性。在作物和野生物种面临的环境条件日益多变的情况下，人们重新产生了对理解引发背后的分子因素的兴趣。在这里，我们概述了与引发对种子寿命的影响有关的文献，并为一系列物种列出了用于引发处理的不同参数及其对 longevity 的影响。我们目前对引发效应的分子基础的理解也很有限，重点介绍了最近的进展和有前途的方法，这些方法应该有助于以一种不那么经验主义的方式应用和监测引发过程。
