Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
Appetite. 2021 Jun 1;161:105128. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105128. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
Little is known about patterns of household food insecurity (HFI) across more than two time points in adults in the United States, the frequency predictors of different trajectories. The distinctions between persistent and transient food insecurity trajectories may be crucial to developing effective interventions.
To characterize dominant trajectories of food security status over three time points between 2013 and 2016 and identify demographic, socioeconomic and health-related predictors of persistent and transient HFI.
Cohort study in disadvantaged communities in South Carolina.
and subjects: 397 middle-aged participants, predominantly female, African American, living in USDA-designated food deserts.
Household food insecurity over time using the 18-item USDA's Household Food Security Survey Module.
Descriptive analyses of food security trajectories and multinomial regression analyses.
At baseline (2013-2014), 61% of households reported HFI during the previous 12 months, which decreased to 54% in 2015 and to 51% in 2016. Only 27% of households were persistently food secure, 36% experienced transient and 37% persistent food insecurity. Female sex (OR 2.7, 95%CI 1.2-5.9), being married or living with a partner (OR 2.4, 95CI% 1.1-5.3) and fair health status (OR 4.4, 95%CI 2.2-8.8) were associated with increased odds of persistent food insecurity. Fair health was also a significant predictor of transient food insecurity.
These findings suggest that future research should focus on persistent versus transient trajectories separately and that tailored interventions may be needed to make progress on alleviating food insecurity among disadvantaged communities.
在美国，人们对成年人在两个以上时间点的家庭食物不安全（HFI）模式知之甚少，也不清楚不同轨迹的频率预测因素。持久和短暂食物不安全轨迹之间的区别可能对制定有效的干预措施至关重要。
描述 2013 年至 2016 年间三个时间点的食物安全状况的主要轨迹，并确定持久和短暂 HFI 的人口统计学、社会经济和与健康相关的预测因素。
南卡罗来纳州弱势社区的队列研究。
397 名中年参与者，主要是女性，非裔美国人，居住在 USDA 指定的食物荒漠中。
使用 USDA 的 18 项家庭粮食安全调查模块评估随时间推移的家庭粮食不安全情况。
粮食安全轨迹的描述性分析和多项回归分析。
在基线（2013-2014 年），61%的家庭报告在过去 12 个月内存在 HFI，这一比例在 2015 年降至 54%，2016 年降至 51%。只有 27%的家庭持续粮食安全，36%的家庭经历过短暂粮食不安全，37%的家庭经历过持久粮食不安全。女性（OR 2.7，95%CI 1.2-5.9）、已婚或与伴侣同居（OR 2.4，95%CI% 1.1-5.3）和健康状况一般（OR 4.4，95%CI 2.2-8.8）与持续粮食不安全的几率增加有关。健康状况一般也是短暂粮食不安全的一个显著预测因素。
这些发现表明，未来的研究应该分别关注持久和短暂的轨迹，并且可能需要针对弱势社区制定有针对性的干预措施，以在缓解粮食不安全方面取得进展。
