Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Restorative Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021 Jun;34:102194. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102194. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
To evaluate the bleaching efficacy of a violet radiation (VR) combined or not with bleaching gels on the color and mineral content of stained teeth.
Enamel/dentin blocks were obtained and stained (n = 50) with coffee, red wine, tobacco smoke, or were left non-stained. The stained or not-stained blocks (n = 10) were distributed into five bleaching groups (n = 10): VR, CP (37 % carbamide peroxide), VR/CP, HP (35 % hydrogen peroxide), and VR/HP. Color (ΔE ΔL, Δa, and Δb) and whiteness index (ΔWI) changes were evaluated after staining and after bleaching using a spectrophotometer. Calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), and Ca/P contents (in wt%) were measured after bleaching using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data was statistically analyzed (α = 0.05) using two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (ΔE ΔWI, ΔL, Δb, wt%) or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (Δa).
VR alone caused higher colorimetric changes on coffee, tobacco and red wine-stained groups compared to non-stained enamel (p < 0.05). VR/CP exhibited higher colorimetric changes compared to CP in coffee and non-stained groups. The VR/CP, HP and VR/HP groups exhibited no change differences (p > 0.05). No differences were observed for the wt% of Ca, P and Ca/P between the groups.
The violet radiation was more effective in bleaching stained rather than non-stained teeth. VR combined with 37 % carbamide peroxide was as effective as the HP agent. Besides, no adverse effects could be observed in the enamel mineral content, regardless of the bleaching protocol tested, according to the EDS semi-quantitative analysis.
评估紫辐射（VR）联合或不联合漂白凝胶对染色牙齿颜色和矿物质含量的漂白效果。
获得牙釉质/牙本质块并用咖啡、红酒、烟草烟雾染色（n = 50）或不染色。染色或未染色的块（n = 10）分为五个漂白组（n = 10）：VR、CP（37%过氧脲）、VR/CP、HP（35%过氧化氢）和 VR/HP。使用分光光度计在染色后和漂白后评估颜色（ΔE ΔL、Δa 和 Δb）和白度指数（ΔWI）变化。使用能量色散 X 射线光谱法（EDS）在漂白后测量钙（Ca）、磷（P）和 Ca/P 含量（wt%）。使用双向方差分析和 Tukey 检验（ΔE ΔWI、ΔL、Δb、wt%）或 Kruskal-Wallis 和 Dunn 检验（Δa）对数据进行统计学分析（α = 0.05）。
VR 单独作用于咖啡、烟草和红酒染色组的牙釉质比未染色的牙釉质引起更高的比色变化（p < 0.05）。VR/CP 在咖啡和未染色组中比 CP 表现出更高的比色变化。VR/CP、HP 和 VR/HP 组之间未观察到差异（p > 0.05）。各组间 Ca、P 和 Ca/P 的 wt%无差异。
紫辐射在漂白染色牙方面比非染色牙更有效。VR 联合 37%过氧脲与 HP 制剂一样有效。此外，根据 EDS 半定量分析，无论测试哪种漂白方案，都不会观察到牙釉质矿物质含量的不良反应。
