Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, 901 Limeira Avenue, Areião, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
Department of Restorative Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Clin Oral Investig. 2022 May;26(5):3899-3910. doi: 10.1007/s00784-021-04357-x. Epub 2022 Jan 10.
This study characterized a violet LED light (V-LED; bright max whitening) tooth whitening device and evaluated its efficacy on stained enamel compared to hydrogen peroxide (HP).
Characterization of the V-LED beam profile was performed using a laser beam-profiler. The irradiance was measured throughout an exposure cycle at 0- and 8-mm distances using an integrating sphere and a spectral radiometer. Bovine enamel/dentin blocks stained with black tea (BT), cigarette smoke (CS), or without staining (CONT) were subjected to V-LED or 40% HP (n = 10/group). Color parameters (ΔL, Δa, Δb, and ΔE) were measured using a digital spectrophotometer. Light transmission was estimated through 1-mm-thick bovine enamel slices (n = 5). ΔL, Δb, ΔE, and irradiance were analyzed by two-way ANOVAs and Tukey's tests, Δa by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, and light transmission by t-test (α = 5%).
Heterogeneous beam distribution was observed for the emitting V-LED chips. After 20 sequential exposures, irradiance levels were reduced 25-50%, regardless of the distance from V-LED. Localized irradiance values were statistically different between beam locations and different distances from the target. V-LED produced lower ΔE ΔL, Δa, and Δb values than HP for CONT and BT, with no differences for CS. Light transmittance decreased approximately 98% through 1-mm thick enamel.
V-LED irradiance was heterogeneous and decreased throughout the exposure cycles and was also greatly reduced with increasing tip distance. V-LED produced a significantly lower whitening effect on BT and control teeth.
This study contributes to the knowledge of V-LED and its clinical use.
本研究对一种紫色发光二极管（V-LED；亮白最大值）牙齿美白设备进行了特性描述，并评估了其与过氧化氢（HP）相比对染色牙釉质的疗效。
使用激光束轮廓仪对 V-LED 光束轮廓进行了特征描述。在 0 和 8 毫米距离处，使用积分球和光谱辐射计在整个暴露周期内测量辐照度。将用红茶（BT）、香烟烟雾（CS）或未染色（CONT）染色的牛牙釉质/牙本质块置于 V-LED 或 40% HP 下（n=10/组）。使用数字分光光度计测量颜色参数（ΔL、Δa、Δb 和 ΔE）。通过 1 毫米厚的牛牙釉质切片（n=5）估计光透射率。通过双因素方差分析和 Tukey 检验分析 ΔL、Δb、ΔE 和辐照度，通过 Kruskal-Wallis 和 Mann-Whitney 检验分析 Δa，通过 t 检验分析光透射率（α=5%）。
发射 V-LED 芯片的光束分布不均匀。经过 20 次连续曝光后，无论距离 V-LED 远近，辐照度水平降低了 25-50%。光束位置和目标距离不同时，局部辐照度值存在统计学差异。与 HP 相比，V-LED 对 CONT 和 BT 产生的 ΔE、ΔL、Δa 和 Δb 值更低，而对 CS 则没有差异。光透过率通过 1 毫米厚的牙釉质降低了约 98%。
V-LED 辐照度不均匀，在整个暴露周期内降低，并且随着尖端距离的增加而大大降低。V-LED 对 BT 和对照牙齿的美白效果明显较低。
本研究有助于了解 V-LED 及其临床应用。
