2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland.
Nutrients. 2021 Jan 27;13(2):386. doi: 10.3390/nu13020386.
Maternal diet and nutritional status are of key importance with regard to the short- and long-term health outcomes of both the mother and the fetus. Multiple pregnancies are a special phenomenon in the context of nutrition. The presence of more than one fetus may lead to increased metabolic requirements and a faster depletion of maternal macro- and micro- nutrient reserves than in a singleton pregnancy. The aim of this systematic review was to gather available knowledge on the supply and needs of mothers with multiple pregnancies in terms of micronutrients and the epidemiology of deficiencies in that population. It was constructed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement (PRISMA). The authors conducted a systematic literature search with the use of three databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Embase. The last search was run on the 18 October 2020 and identified 1379 articles. Finally, 12 articles and 1 series of publications met the inclusion criteria. Based on the retrieved studies, it may be concluded that women with multiple pregnancies might be at risk of vitamin D and iron deficiencies. With regard to other microelements, the evidence is either inconsistent, scarce or absent. Further in-depth prospective and population studies are necessary to determine if nutritional recommendations addressed to pregnant women require adjustments in cases of multiple gestations.
母亲的饮食和营养状况对母亲和胎儿的短期和长期健康结果都至关重要。多胎妊娠是营养方面的一个特殊现象。与单胎妊娠相比，多胎妊娠可能会导致代谢需求增加，以及母体宏量和微量营养素储备更快耗尽。本系统评价的目的是收集关于多胎妊娠母亲的微量营养素供应和需求以及该人群营养缺乏症的流行病学方面的现有知识。它是根据系统评价和荟萃分析报告的首选报告项目（PRISMA）构建的。作者使用三个数据库（PubMed/MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Embase）进行了系统的文献搜索。最后一次搜索于 2020 年 10 月 18 日进行，共确定了 1379 篇文章。最终，有 12 篇文章和 1 系列出版物符合纳入标准。根据检索到的研究，可以得出结论，多胎妊娠的妇女可能有维生素 D 和铁缺乏的风险。关于其他微量元素，证据要么不一致，要么稀少，要么不存在。需要进一步进行深入的前瞻性和人群研究，以确定针对孕妇的营养建议是否需要在多胎妊娠的情况下进行调整。
