Fickel T E
J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1988 Feb;11(1):3-9.
Radiation doses absorbed by the uterus, ovary, testicle and active bone marrow are computed for cervical, thoracic, lumbar, full spine and chest series performed under typical office conditions. Assuming a nonthreshold, linear relationship between dose and radiogenic effect, the computed tissue-specific doses are used to estimate the probability that each X-ray series might enhance the statistical probability of occurrence of an adult leukemia fatality of the irradiated patient; a childhood leukemia, mental retardation or cancer fatality as a result of fetal irradiation; or a variety of sex cell chromosomal aberrations in irradiated patients. It is concluded that the greatest hazard to active bone marrow, the uterus and the gonads is posed by lumbar and full spine radiography and that the need to adequately justify such exposure is mandatory; furthermore, in these series, irradiation of the ovary is 10 times as great as that of the testicle. Lumbar radiographic examinations can be made significantly safer by the elimination of the lumbosacral spot view.
在典型的门诊条件下，计算子宫、卵巢、睾丸和活跃骨髓在进行颈椎、胸椎、腰椎、全脊柱和胸部系列X线检查时所吸收的辐射剂量。假设剂量与辐射效应之间存在非阈值线性关系，所计算出的组织特异性剂量用于估计每个X线系列检查可能增加受照患者发生成人白血病死亡、胎儿受照导致儿童白血病、智力发育迟缓或癌症死亡，或受照患者出现各种性细胞染色体畸变的统计概率。得出的结论是，腰椎和全脊柱X线摄影对活跃骨髓、子宫和性腺造成的危害最大，因此必须充分证明这种照射的合理性；此外，在这些检查系列中，卵巢所受的照射是睾丸的10倍。通过取消腰骶部点片，可显著提高腰椎X线检查的安全性。
