Zhang Yingyi, Yang Hua, Ren Min, Wang Ruiying, Zhao Fumei, Liu Ting, Zhang Ying, Guo Zhigang, Cong Hongliang
Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, No. 261 of Taierzhuang South Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300222, China.
Tianjin Cardiovascular Institute, Tianjin, 300222, China.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 29;21(1):247. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10250-9.
To analyze the risk factors for hypertension in different age groups of urban and rural residents in Tianjin.
A total of 33,997 people (35-75 years old) from 13 community health service centers and primary hospitals in Tianjin participated in this study. They were divided into the youth group (≤ 40 years old), middle-aged group (41-65 years old), and elderly group (> 65 years old). Then, a questionnaire survey was administered, followed by physical and blood biochemical examinations. The demographic characteristics and prevalence were recorded and counted. Subsequently, risk factors were analyzed using univariate and stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis.
In the youth, middle-aged, and elderly groups, the prevalence rate of hypertension was 18.65, 51.80, and 76.61%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that obesity(OR: 3.263, 95% CI: 1.039-1.656), men (OR: 2.117, 95% CI: 1.691-2.651), diabetes (OR: 1.978, 95% CI: 1.398-2.799), high triglycerides(OR 1.968 95% CI: 1.590-2.434) and family history of stroke (OR: 1.936, 95% CI: 1.287-2.911) are the five factors in youth. In middle-aged group, the significantly associating factors were obesity (OR: 2.478, 95% CI: 2.330-2.636), diabetes (OR: 2.173, 95% CI: 1.398-2.799), family history of stroke (OR: 1.808, 95% CI: 1.619-2.020), maleness (OR: 1.507, 95% CI: 1.412-1.609),Hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.490 95% CI: 1.409-1.577),family history of cardiovascular disease (OR: 1.484, 95% CI: 1.307-1.684),Hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.228 95% CI: 1.160-1.299). In the elderly group, obesity (OR: 2.104, 95% CI: 1.830-2.418), family history of strokes (OR: 1.688, 95% CI: 1.243-2.292), diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.544, 95% CI: 1.345-1.773), family history of cardiovascular disease (OR: 1.470, 95% CI: 1.061-2.036), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 1.348, 95% CI: 1.192-1.524) increased the risk for hypertension. Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) increased with age, and the value of these two measures for predicting hypertension was better than BMI in middle-aged group.
Obesity is the most important risk factor for hypertension in all age groups. Diabetes, family history of strokes and high triglyceride were also significant risk factors for all age groups. There was a gender difference between the young and middle-aged groups, with men more likely to hypertension. Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were better predictors of hypertension than BMI in middle-aged group.
分析天津市城乡居民不同年龄组高血压的危险因素。
天津市13个社区卫生服务中心和基层医院的33997名年龄在35 - 75岁的居民参与了本研究。他们被分为青年组（≤40岁）、中年组（41 - 65岁）和老年组（>65岁）。然后进行问卷调查，随后进行体格检查和血液生化检查。记录并统计人口学特征和患病率。随后，采用单因素和逐步多因素逻辑回归分析危险因素。
青年组、中年组和老年组高血压患病率分别为18.65%、51.80%和76.61%。逻辑回归分析显示，肥胖（OR：3.263，95%CI：1.039 - 1.656）、男性（OR：2.117，95%CI：1.691 - 2.651）、糖尿病（OR：1.978，95%CI：1.398 - 2.799）、高甘油三酯（OR 1.968，95%CI：1.590 - 2.434）和中风家族史（OR：1.936，95%CI：1.287 - 2.911）是青年组的五个危险因素。中年组中，显著相关因素为肥胖（OR：2.478，95%CI：2.330 - 2.636）、糖尿病（OR：2.173，95%CI：1.398 - 2.799）、中风家族史（OR：1.808，95%CI：1.619 - 2.020）、男性（OR：1.507，95%CI：1.412 - 1.609）、高甘油三酯血症（OR 1.490，95%CI：1.409 - 1.577）、心血管疾病家族史（OR：1.484，95%CI：1.307 - 1.684）、高胆固醇血症（OR 1.228，95%CI：1.160 - 1.299）。老年组中，肥胖（OR：2.104，95%CI：1.830 - 2.418）、中风家族史（OR：1.688，95%CI：1.243 - 2.292）、糖尿病（OR：1.544，95%CI：1.345 - 1.773）、心血管疾病家族史（OR：1.470，95%CI：1.061 - 2.036）、高甘油三酯血症（OR：1.348，95%CI：1.192 - 1.524）增加了高血压风险。腰围（WC）和腰高比（WHtR）随年龄增加，在中年组中，这两项指标预测高血压的价值优于BMI。
肥胖是所有年龄组高血压最重要的危险因素。糖尿病、中风家族史和高甘油三酯也是所有年龄组的重要危险因素。青年组和中年组存在性别差异，男性患高血压的可能性更大。在中年组中，腰围（WC）和腰高比（WHtR）比BMI更能预测高血压。
