Li Yichong, Yang Ling, Wang Limin, Zhang Mei, Huang Zhengjing, Deng Qian, Zhou Maigeng, Chen Zhengming, Wang Linhong
National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, UK.
Int J Cardiol. 2017 Jan 15;227:516-523. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.110. Epub 2016 Nov 2.
Hypertension is a major cause of cardiovascular disease. Periodic nationwide surveys are essential for monitoring secular trend of hypertension and its control in population. We assessed prevalence of hypertension and related awareness, treatment and control rates in Chinese adults in 2013-14.
A nationally representative survey recruited 174,621 adults aged>18years from 31 provinces in mainland China between 2013 and 2014. Population-weighted prevalence of hypertension and related rates of awareness, treatment and control were calculated and compared by age, sex, region and other factors of interest.
Overall, 27.8% of Chinese adults were hypertensive, with the adjusted prevalence higher in men than in women and increasing steeply with rising age. Of those with hypertension, 31.9% were previously diagnosed, of those diagnosed, 82.9% were treated, and of those treated, 34.6% had their blood pressure properly controlled, resulting in an overall control rates of 9.7% among those with hypertension. Despite similar prevalence, the awareness, treatment and control were much better in urban areas than in rural areas. Among hypertensive individuals, older age, higher levels of education or household income tended to be associated with better awareness, treatment and control rates. During 2013-14, 292 million adults in China had hypertension, representing an absolute increase of 139 million individuals since year 2002.
Among Chinese adults, more than one forth had hypertension and the prevalence has increased significantly during recent decades. Despite huge efforts, the levels of awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension remain extremely low, foreshadowing substantial unnecessary disease burden.
高血压是心血管疾病的主要病因。定期开展全国性调查对于监测高血压的长期趋势及其在人群中的控制情况至关重要。我们评估了2013 - 2014年中国成年人高血压的患病率以及相关的知晓率、治疗率和控制率。
2013年至2014年期间，一项具有全国代表性的调查从中国大陆31个省份招募了174,621名年龄大于18岁的成年人。计算了高血压的人口加权患病率以及相关的知晓率、治疗率和控制率，并按年龄、性别、地区和其他相关因素进行比较。
总体而言，27.8%的中国成年人患有高血压，校正后的患病率男性高于女性，且随年龄增长急剧上升。在高血压患者中，31.9%曾被诊断过，在已诊断的患者中，82.9%接受了治疗，在接受治疗的患者中，34.6%的血压得到了有效控制，导致高血压患者的总体控制率为9.7%。尽管患病率相似，但城市地区的知晓率、治疗率和控制率比农村地区要好得多。在高血压患者中，年龄较大、教育程度较高或家庭收入较高往往与较好的知晓率、治疗率和控制率相关。在2013 - 2014年期间，中国有2.92亿成年人患有高血压，自2002年以来绝对增加了1.39亿人。
在中国成年人中，超过四分之一患有高血压，且近几十年来患病率显著增加。尽管付出了巨大努力，但高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率仍然极低，预示着巨大的不必要疾病负担。
