Department of Ecology and Biogeography, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100, Toruń, Poland.
Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wileńska 4, 87-100, Toruń, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 29;11(1):2687. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80139-x.
The first instar larva of a species of the Australian endemic genus Aenigmetopia Malloch is described for the first time, along with the first instar larvae of three other Australian species representing the genera Amobia Robineau-Desvoidy and Protomiltogramma Townsend. Larval morphology was analysed using a combination of light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The following morphological structures are documented: pseudocephalon, antennal complex, maxillary palpus, facial mask, modifications of thoracic and abdominal segments, anal region, spiracular field, posterior spiracles and details of the cephaloskeleton. Substantial morphological differences are observed between the three genera, most notably in the labrum and mouthhooks of the cephaloskeleton, sensory organs of the pseudocephalon, spinulation, sculpture of the integument and form of the spiracular field. The first instar larval morphology of Aenigmetopia amissa Johnston, Wallman, Szpila & Pape corroborates the close phylogenetic affinity of Aenigmetopia Malloch with Metopia Meigen, inferred from recent molecular analysis. The larval morphology of Amobia auriceps (Baranov), Protomiltogramma cincta Townsend and Protomiltogramma plebeia Malloch is mostly congruent with the morphology of Palaearctic representatives of both genera.
首次描述了澳大利亚特有属 Aenigmetopia Malloch 的一个物种的第一龄幼虫，以及代表 Amobia Robineau-Desvoidy 和 Protomiltogramma Townsend 属的另外三个澳大利亚物种的第一龄幼虫。使用光学显微镜、共聚焦激光扫描显微镜和扫描电子显微镜的组合分析了幼虫形态。记录了以下形态结构：假头、触角复合体、下颚须、面罩、胸腹部节段的修饰、肛门区域、呼吸孔场、后呼吸孔和头骨骼的细节。三个属之间观察到显著的形态差异，最明显的是头骨骼的上唇和口钩、假头的感觉器官、刺毛、体壁的雕刻和呼吸孔场的形式。Aenigmetopia amissa Johnston、Wallman、Szpila 和 Pape 的第一龄幼虫形态证实了 Aenigmetopia Malloch 与最近分子分析推断的 Metopia Meigen 的密切系统发育亲缘关系。Amobia auriceps (Baranov)、Protomiltogramma cincta Townsend 和 Protomiltogramma plebeia Malloch 的幼虫形态与这两个属的古北代表种的形态大多一致。
