Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 29;11(1):2633. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81996-w.
Culture-independent DNA sequencing of fungal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region was compared to a culture-dependent morphological identification technique to characterize house dust-borne fungal communities. The abundant genera were Aspergillus, Wallemia, Cladosporium, and Penicillium. Statistically significant between-method correlations were observed for Wallemia and Cladosporium (Spearman's ρ = 0.75 and 0.72, respectively; p < 0.001). Penicillium tended to be detected with much higher (averaged 26-times) relative abundances by the culture-based method than by the DNA-based method, although statistically significant inter-method correlation was observed with Spearman's ρ = 0.61 (p = 0.002). Large DNA sequencing-based relative abundances observed for Alternaria and Aureobasidium were likely due to multicellularity of their spores with large number of per-spore ITS2 copies. The failure of the culture-based method in detectiing Toxicocladosporium, Verrucocladosporium, and Sterigmatomyces was likely due to their fastidiousness growth on our nutrient medium. Comparing between the two different techniques clarified the causes of biases in identifying environmental fungal communities, which should be amended and/or taken into consideration when the methods are used for future fungal ecological studies.
采用非培养依赖性 DNA 测序技术（真菌内转录间隔区 2[ITS2]区）和培养依赖性形态鉴定技术，对室内灰尘携带真菌群落进行了特征分析。优势属为曲霉属、瓦勒迈属、枝孢属和青霉属。瓦勒迈属和枝孢属的两种方法之间存在显著的相关性（Spearman ρ=0.75 和 0.72，均 p<0.001）。通过基于培养的方法检测到的青霉属的相对丰度比基于 DNA 的方法高得多（平均高 26 倍），尽管两种方法之间存在显著的相关性（Spearman ρ=0.61，p=0.002）。基于大型 DNA 测序的节菱孢属和金孢子属的相对丰度可能是由于其孢子的多细胞性和每个孢子内转录间隔区 2 拷贝数量较多。基于培养的方法未能检测到细极链格孢属、弯孢壳属和木霉属，这可能是由于它们在我们的营养培养基上生长条件苛刻。两种不同技术的比较，阐明了识别环境真菌群落时产生偏差的原因，在未来的真菌生态学研究中使用这些方法时，应该对这些偏差进行修正和/或考虑。
