College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China.
Animal. 2021 Jan;15(1):100076. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100076. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
Although rumen fluid transplantation (RT) has been developed to confer benefits for adult ruminants by altering gastrointestinal tract microbiota, the question remains whether RT can also benefit weaned lambs. Hence, in this study, thirty-eight pre-weaning lambs were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: control lambs (CON) received 25 ml of normal saline solution, and lambs in two RT groups received 25 ml of rumen fluid either from 3-month-old lambs (LT) or from one-year-old adult ewes (AT). The effects on their growth performance, nutrient digestibility, some blood parameters and gastrointestinal tract microbiota were monitored. There were differences (P < 0.05) in rumen bacterial composition between the groups at weaning, at 3 months and at 1 year. Rumen fluid transplantation decreased (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake, average daily gain in live weight and apparent digestibility of ether extract in the LT group, and it decreased (P < 0.05) apparent digestibility of NDF and ADF in the AT group. Rumen fluid transplantation also increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of serum immunoglobulin A in the AT group and increased (P < 0.05) serum concentrations of interleukin-6, interferon alpha and D-lactate in both LT and AT groups. Bacterial α-diversity in the rumen and rectum was not affected by RT (P > 0.05), but a bacterial community change was observed after RT, and the abundance of some dominant bacteria in both rumen and rectum changed after RT (P < 0.05). Analysis of correlations between the parameters indicated that the altered gastrointestinal microbiota and accelerated maturity of rumen microorganisms induced by RT caused some impairment of gastrointestinal integrity and immunity, which led to decreased feed intake, reduced feed digestibility and lower growth performance of the weaned lambs. In conclusion, rumen fluid transplantation altered the gastrointestinal microbiota causing adverse effects on feed intake, feed digestibility and growth performance of the weaned lambs.
尽管通过改变胃肠道微生物群，瘤胃液移植（RT）已被开发用于使成年反刍动物受益，但仍存在疑问，即 RT 是否也可以使断奶羔羊受益。因此，在这项研究中，38 只断奶前羔羊被随机分配到三个治疗组之一：对照组（CON）接受 25ml 生理盐水，两个 RT 组的羔羊分别接受来自 3 月龄羔羊（LT）或 1 岁成年母羊（AT）的 25ml 瘤胃液。监测了它们的生长性能、养分消化率、一些血液参数和胃肠道微生物群。在断奶时、3 个月时和 1 岁时，各组之间的瘤胃细菌组成存在差异（P < 0.05）。LT 组的瘤胃液移植降低了（P < 0.05）平均日采食量、活体重平均日增重和乙醚提取物表观消化率，而 AT 组的瘤胃液移植降低了（P < 0.05）NDF 和 ADF 的表观消化率。瘤胃液移植还增加了（P < 0.05）AT 组血清免疫球蛋白 A 的浓度，并增加了（P < 0.05）LT 和 AT 组血清白细胞介素 6、干扰素 α 和 D-乳酸的浓度。RT 对瘤胃和直肠的细菌α多样性没有影响（P > 0.05），但 RT 后观察到细菌群落发生变化，RT 后瘤胃和直肠中一些优势菌的丰度发生变化（P < 0.05）。参数之间的相关性分析表明，RT 引起的胃肠道微生物群的改变和瘤胃微生物的加速成熟导致胃肠道完整性和免疫力受损，从而导致采食量下降、饲料消化率降低和断奶羔羊生长性能下降。总之，瘤胃液移植改变了胃肠道微生物群，对断奶羔羊的采食量、饲料消化率和生长性能产生了不利影响。
