Brika Marine, Mourey France, Kubicki Alexandre
Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Institut de Formation des Métiers de la Santé, Filière Kinésithérapie - Physiothérapie, 25200, Montbéliard, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques (EA 482), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences du Sport, Espace d'Étude du Mouvement - Étienne Jules MAREY, F-21000, Dijon, France.
Neurosci Lett. 2021 Mar 16;747:135670. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135670. Epub 2021 Jan 28.
Postural control is based on the integration of different sensory inputs. The process of scaling the relative importance of these sensory cues (visual, vestibular and proprioceptive) depends on individuals and creates sensory preferences, leading to sensory dependences when one particular source is preponderant. In this context, the literature showed a frequent visual dependence (visual inputs weighting) in aged adults. However, the somaesthetic inputs can also be prioritised in a podal-dependent profile. In the frail aged adults, none study has shown the distribution of these two dependences.
Which sensory orientation profile is preferentially adopted by frail aged males and females?
In this cross-sectional study, we compared 33 frail aged adults to 16 non frail aged adults during a static postural control task in three conditions on a force platform: i) a standard condition, ii) a no-vision condition and iii) a foam condition. An analysis with the factor sex was also performed in each group of participants.
The analysis of stabilometric parameters (mean velocity and mean velocity variance) highlighted a significant difference in no-vision or foam conditions when compared to the standard condition in frail aged males and only in the foam condition when compared to the standard condition for females in the frail group. No significant difference was observed between conditions in the control group.
Our study showed the predominance of both visual and podal information in frail aged adults when controlling their posture. Considering the sex factor, frail males were more dependents to their visual cues than frail females. This result should be used when designing the rehabilitation programs in this population.
姿势控制基于不同感觉输入的整合。调整这些感觉线索（视觉、前庭和本体感觉）相对重要性的过程因人而异，并产生感觉偏好，当某一特定来源占主导时会导致感觉依赖。在这种情况下，文献表明老年人中视觉依赖（视觉输入权重）很常见。然而，躯体感觉输入也可以在足部依赖模式中被优先考虑。在体弱的老年人中，尚无研究表明这两种依赖的分布情况。
体弱的老年男性和女性优先采用哪种感觉取向模式？
在这项横断面研究中，我们在力平台上的三种条件下，将33名体弱的老年人与16名非体弱的老年人进行了静态姿势控制任务的比较：i）标准条件，ii）无视觉条件，iii）泡沫条件。在每组参与者中还进行了性别因素分析。
在体弱的老年男性中，与标准条件相比，在无视觉或泡沫条件下，稳定参数（平均速度和平均速度方差）分析显示出显著差异；而在体弱组中，女性仅在泡沫条件下与标准条件相比有显著差异。对照组在各条件之间未观察到显著差异。
我们的研究表明，体弱的老年人在控制姿势时视觉和足部信息都占主导。考虑到性别因素，体弱男性比体弱女性更依赖视觉线索。在为该人群设计康复计划时应考虑这一结果。
