Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cancer Treat Res Commun. 2021;27:100324. doi: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100324. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
Osteosarcoma is a common bone malignancy in patients of all ages. Surgical and chemotherapy interventions fail to shrink tumor growth and metastasis. The development of efficient patient-specific therapeutic strategies for osteosarcoma is of great interest in tissue engineering and personalized medicine. The present manuscript aimed to review the advancements in tissue engineering and personalized medicine strategies to overcome osteosarcoma and the relevant biological aspects as well as the current tumor models in vitro and in vivo.
Tissue engineering and personalized medicine contribute to gene/cell engineering and cell-based therapies specific to genomic and proteomic profiles of individual patients to improve the current treatment options. Also, tissue engineering scaffolds provide physical support to missing bones, could trap cancer cells and deliver immune cells. Taken together, these strategies suppress tumor growth, angiogenic potential, and the subsequent metastasis as well as elicit desirable immune responses against tumor mass.
Advanced and high-throughput gene and protein identification technologies have facilitated the recognition of genomic and proteomic profiles of patients to design and develop patient-specific treatments. The pre-clinical studies showed promising outcomes to inhibit tumor growth and invasion but controversial results compared to clinical investigations make the importance of more clinical reports inevitable. The experimental tumor models assist the evolution of effective treatments by understanding the mechanisms of tumor progression.
Tissue engineering and personalized medicine strategies seem encouraging alternatives to conventional therapies against osteosarcoma. Modeling the tumor microenvironment coupled with pre-clinical results give new intelligence into the translation of strategies into the clinic.
骨肉瘤是一种常见的骨恶性肿瘤，可发生于各年龄段的患者。手术和化疗干预措施无法缩小肿瘤生长和转移。因此，开发针对骨肉瘤的高效患者特异性治疗策略在组织工程和个性化医疗领域具有重要意义。本文旨在综述组织工程和个性化医学策略在克服骨肉瘤方面的进展，以及相关的生物学方面，以及体外和体内的当前肿瘤模型。
组织工程和个性化医学有助于针对个体患者的基因组和蛋白质组图谱进行基因/细胞工程和基于细胞的治疗，以改善当前的治疗选择。此外，组织工程支架为缺失的骨骼提供物理支撑，可捕获癌细胞并输送免疫细胞。综上所述，这些策略抑制了肿瘤生长、血管生成潜力以及随后的转移，并引发了针对肿瘤的理想免疫反应。
先进的高通量基因和蛋白质鉴定技术促进了对患者基因组和蛋白质组图谱的识别，从而设计和开发了针对特定患者的治疗方法。临床前研究显示出抑制肿瘤生长和侵袭的有希望的结果，但与临床研究相比，结果存在争议，这使得更多临床报告的必要性不可避免。实验性肿瘤模型通过了解肿瘤进展的机制，有助于开发有效的治疗方法。
组织工程和个性化医学策略似乎是对抗骨肉瘤的传统疗法的有希望的替代方法。肿瘤微环境的建模以及临床前研究结果为将这些策略转化为临床提供了新的思路。
