Accelerated Fractionation Plus Chemotherapy Conventionally Fractionated Radiochemotherapy for Unresectable Head-and-Neck Cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Prognosis of patients with unresectable squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck requires improvement. This retrospective study compared accelerated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy to conventional radiochemotherapy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Patients received definitive treatment with accelerated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy (group A, n=10) or conventional cisplatin-based radiochemotherapy (group B, n=85). Groups were matched for several patient and tumor characteristics and compared for locoregional control (LRC), overall survival (OS) and toxicities. Additionally, accelerated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy and chemotherapy regimens in group B were compared for LRC and OS.

RESULTS

Treatment type had no significant impact on LRC (p=0.98) and OS (p=0.57). In group A, toxicities occurred more often, including grade ≥3 mucositis (p=0.041), grade ≥2 lymphedema (p=0.007) and grade ≥3 leucopenia (p=0.007). Best 2-year LRC (p=0.39) and OS (p=0.015) was achieved with 20 mg/m cisplatin days 1-5 every 4 weeks; accelerated radiochemotherapy resulted in second-worst outcomes.

CONCLUSION

Given the limitations of this study, accelerated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy provided no significant benefit but increased toxicity compared to conventional radiochemotherapy.