Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Musielak S.A., ISA Brown Reproduction Farm and Hatchery, Niedabyl 49, Poland.
Poult Sci. 2021 Feb;100(2):1120-1131. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.025. Epub 2020 Oct 31.
In this study, we analyzed the parent stock of ISA Brown hens reared in closed and open aviary (CA and OA, respectively) sections with regard to the productive performance of hens, hatchability, and quality of chicks. The flocks were reared (1,570 cocks and 17,515 hens) for 16 wk in a three-level aviary system. On the 7th wk of rearing, half of the birds (OA group of birds) were allowed to leave the section and use half of the area of the poultry house and to use all levels. The remaining half of the birds were kept in the CA section for the entire duration of rearing. After the duration of rearing, the birds were moved to 2 neighboring production poultry houses (OA = 680 cocks and 8,126 hens; CA = 685 cocks and 8,133 hens). Reproduction was performed in a litter system in accordance with the norms for parent stock of laying hens. During the production cycle (53 wk), laying performance, feed conversion ratio, water consumption, and mortality were analyzed. On 27th, 37th, and 49th wk of production, the following analysis was performed: rate of fertilization (%), rate of hatching (%), and quality of chick. In accordance with the results, birds in OA flock required less amount of feed (P < 0.001) and water (P = 0.020) to produce a laid egg, a hatching egg (respectively: P < 0.001; P = 0.009), and a chick (both P < 0.001) in comparison with the birds in CA flock. In addition, a lower number of litter eggs were found in the OA flock (P < 0.001). Mean laying production, production of hatching eggs, and number of waste eggs did not depend on the flock rearing system (P > 0.05); however, a combined analysis of all these parameters using multivariate analysis of variance demonstrated a better (P < 0.001) result for OA flock than that of CA flock. Rate of fertilization, rate of hatching, and quality of chicks did not depend on the flock rearing system (P > 0.05). In summary, it is possible to rear parent ISA Brown hens in open sections of aviary system without the fear of subsequent deterioration of indicators of future egg production.
在这项研究中，我们分析了在封闭和开放式禽舍（CA 和 OA，分别）中饲养的 ISA 褐鸡的种鸡，以了解母鸡的生产性能、孵化率和雏鸡质量。鸡群在三层式禽舍系统中饲养了 16 周（1570 只公鸡和 17515 只母鸡）。在饲养的第 7 周，一半的鸟类（OA 组的鸟类）被允许离开该区域并使用禽舍的一半区域并使用所有层。另一半鸟类在 CA 区饲养，直至整个饲养期结束。饲养期结束后，这些鸟类被转移到 2 个相邻的生产家禽舍（OA=680 只公鸡和 8126 只母鸡；CA=685 只公鸡和 8133 只母鸡）。繁殖是按照蛋鸡种鸡的规范在垫料系统中进行的。在生产周期（53 周）中，分析了产蛋性能、饲料转化率、耗水量和死亡率。在生产的第 27、37 和 49 周，进行了以下分析：受精率（%）、孵化率（%）和雏鸡质量。根据结果，与 CA 鸡群相比，OA 鸡群生产一个产蛋、一个孵化蛋（分别为：P<0.001；P=0.009）和一个雏鸡所需的饲料（P<0.001）和水（P=0.020）更少。此外，OA 鸡群中的垫料蛋数量更少（P<0.001）。平均产蛋量、孵化蛋产量和废蛋数量不取决于鸡群饲养系统（P>0.05）；然而，使用多元方差分析对所有这些参数进行综合分析表明，OA 鸡群的结果优于 CA 鸡群（P<0.001）。受精率、孵化率和雏鸡质量不取决于鸡群饲养系统（P>0.05）。总的来说，可以在开放式禽舍系统的开放式区域中饲养 ISA 褐鸡种鸡，而不必担心随后降低未来产蛋量的指标。
