禁食和过食通过内源性逆转录病毒影响禽类肝脏中与免疫或炎症相关的基因表达。
Fasting and overfeeding affect the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes in the liver of poultry via endogenous retrovirus.
机构信息
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China.
出版信息
Poult Sci. 2021 Feb;100(2):973-981. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.057. Epub 2020 Dec 2.
It is known that nutrition and immunity are connected, but the mechanism is not very clear. Endogenous retroviruses (ERV) account for 8 to 10% of the human and mouse genomes and play an important role in some biological processes of animals. Recent studies indicate that the activation of ERV can affect the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes, and the activities of ERV are subjected to regulation of many factors including nutritional factors. Therefore, we hypothesize that nutritional status can affect the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes via ERV. To verify this hypothesis, the nutritional status of animals was altered by fasting or overfeeding, and the expression of intact ERV (ERVK18P, ERVK25P) and immunity- or inflammation-related genes (DDX41, IFIH1, IFNG, IRF7, STAT3) in the liver was determined by quantitative PCR, followed by overexpressing ERVK25P in goose primary hepatocytes and determining the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes. The data showed that compared with the control group (no fasting), the expression of ERV and the immunity- or inflammation-related genes was increased in the liver of the fasted chickens but decreased in the liver of the fasted geese. Moreover, compared with the control group (routinely fed), the expression of ERV and the immunity- or inflammation-related genes was increased in the liver of the overfed geese. In addition, overexpression of ERVK25P in goose primary hepatocytes can induce the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes. In conclusion, these findings suggest that ERV mediate the effects of fasting and overfeeding on the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes, the mediation varied with poultry species, and ERV and the immunity- or inflammation-related genes may be involved in the development of goose fatty liver. This study provides a potential mechanism for the connection between nutrition and immunity.
已知营养与免疫之间存在关联，但具体机制尚不清楚。内源性逆转录病毒（ERV）占人类和小鼠基因组的 8%至 10%，在动物的一些生物学过程中发挥着重要作用。最近的研究表明，ERV 的激活会影响免疫或炎症相关基因的表达，ERV 的活性受到许多因素的调节，包括营养因素。因此，我们假设营养状况可以通过 ERV 影响免疫或炎症相关基因的表达。为了验证这一假设，通过禁食或过度喂养改变动物的营养状况，并用定量 PCR 测定肝脏中完整 ERV（ERVK18P、ERVK25P）和免疫或炎症相关基因（DDX41、IFIH1、IFNG、IRF7、STAT3）的表达，随后在鹅原代肝细胞中过表达 ERVK25P，并测定免疫或炎症相关基因的表达。结果表明，与对照组（不禁食）相比，禁食鸡的肝脏中 ERV 和免疫或炎症相关基因的表达增加，而禁食鹅的肝脏中则减少。此外，与对照组（常规喂养）相比，过度喂养鹅的肝脏中 ERV 和免疫或炎症相关基因的表达增加。此外，鹅原代肝细胞中 ERVK25P 的过表达可诱导免疫或炎症相关基因的表达。综上所述，这些发现表明 ERV 介导了禁食和过度喂养对免疫或炎症相关基因表达的影响，这种介导作用因禽类物种而异，并且 ERV 和免疫或炎症相关基因可能参与了鹅脂肪肝的发生。本研究为营养与免疫之间的联系提供了潜在的机制。
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