He Zhangyuting, Xu Haifeng, Li Changcan, Yang Huayu, Mao Yilei
Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Feb 28;10:1048230. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1048230. eCollection 2023.
strategy of periodic food restriction and fixed eating windows, could beneficially modify individuals by losing body weight, regulating glucose or lipid metabolism, reducing blood pressure, and modulating the immune system. Specific effects of IF and its mechanisms have not yet been assessed collectively. Thus, this systematic review aims to summarize and compare clinical trials that explored the immunomodulatory effects of IF.
After screening, 28 studies were included in this systematic review.
In addition to weight loss, IF could benefit health subjects by strengthening their circadian rhythms, migrating immune cells, lower inflammatory factors, and enriching microbials. In addition of the anti-inflammatory effect by regulating macrophages, protection against oxidative stress with hormone secretion and oxidative-related gene expression plays a key beneficial role for the influence of IF on obese subjects.
Physiological stress by surgery and pathophysiological disorders by endocrine diseases may be partly eased with IF. Moreover, IF might be used to treat anxiety and cognitive disorders with its cellular, metabolic and circadian mechanisms. Finally, the specific effects of IF and the mechanisms pertaining to immune system in these conditions require additional studies.
周期性禁食和固定进食窗口的策略，可通过减轻体重、调节葡萄糖或脂质代谢、降低血压以及调节免疫系统，对个体产生有益的改变。间歇性禁食（IF）的具体作用及其机制尚未得到全面评估。因此，本系统评价旨在总结和比较探索IF免疫调节作用的临床试验。
经过筛选，本系统评价纳入了28项研究。
除了减轻体重外，IF还可通过增强昼夜节律、迁移免疫细胞、降低炎症因子以及丰富微生物群，对健康受试者有益。除了通过调节巨噬细胞产生抗炎作用外，通过激素分泌和氧化相关基因表达来抵抗氧化应激，对IF对肥胖受试者的影响起着关键的有益作用。
手术引起的生理应激和内分泌疾病引起的病理生理紊乱可能会通过IF得到部分缓解。此外，IF可能因其细胞、代谢和昼夜节律机制而用于治疗焦虑和认知障碍。最后，IF在这些情况下的具体作用以及与免疫系统相关的机制需要更多研究。
