Salehi Bahare, Quispe Cristina, Sharifi-Rad Javad, Cruz-Martins Natália, Nigam Manisha, Mishra Abhay Prakash, Konovalov Dmitryi Alexeevich, Orobinskaya Valeriya, Abu-Reidah Ibrahim M, Zam Wissam, Sharopov Farukh, Venneri Tommaso, Capasso Raffaele, Kukula-Koch Wirginia, Wawruszak Anna, Koch Wojciech
Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Jan 14;11:599959. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.599959. eCollection 2020.
Phytosterols (PSs) are plant-originated steroids. Over 250 PSs have been isolated, and each plant species contains a characteristic phytosterol composition. A wide number of studies have reported remarkable pharmacological effects of PSs, acting as chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiatherosclerotic agents. However, PS bioavailability is a key issue, as it can be influenced by several factors (type, source, processing, preparation, delivery method, food matrix, dose, time of administration into the body, and genetic factors), and the existence of a close relationship between their chemical structures (e.g., saturation degree and side-chain length) and low absorption rates has been stated. In this sense, the present review intends to provide in-depth data on PS therapeutic potential for human health, also emphasizing their preclinical effects and bioavailability-related issues.
植物甾醇（PSs）是源自植物的类固醇。已分离出超过250种植物甾醇，且每种植物都含有独特的植物甾醇成分。大量研究报道了植物甾醇具有显著的药理作用，可作为化学预防剂、抗炎剂、抗氧化剂、抗糖尿病剂和抗动脉粥样硬化剂。然而，植物甾醇的生物利用度是一个关键问题，因为它会受到多种因素的影响（类型、来源、加工、制备、给药方式、食物基质、剂量、体内给药时间和遗传因素），并且已经表明它们的化学结构（如饱和度和侧链长度）与低吸收率之间存在密切关系。从这个意义上讲，本综述旨在提供关于植物甾醇对人类健康治疗潜力的深入数据，同时强调其临床前效应和与生物利用度相关的问题。
