Shi Yu, Zhang Shu-E, Fan Lihua, Sun Tao
School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Department of Health Management and Policy of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 15;11:569765. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569765. eCollection 2020.
After the COVID-19 outbreak, the health status of the general population has suffered a huge threat, and the health system has also encountered great challenges. As critical members of human capital in the health sector, medical students with specialized knowledge and skills have positively fought against the epidemic by providing volunteer services that boosted the resilience of the health system. Although volunteer behavior (VB) is associated with individual internal motivation, there is sparse evidence on this relationship among medical students, especially regarding potential mechanisms. Therefore, this study had two main objectives: (1) to examine the influence of prosocial motivation (PM) of medical students on their VB; and (2) to verify the chain-mediating role of calling and vocation (CV) as well as social responsibility (SR) in the relationship between PM and VB. Study I: a total of 2454 Chinese full-time medical students were invited to complete an online survey. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results demonstrated that PM significantly affected VB in medical students (β = 0.098, < 0.001); CV as well as SR chain-mediated the relationship between PM and VB (β = 0.084, < 0.001). PM promoted the formation of SR by positively evoking CV of medical students, further resulting in increased VB. Study II: A 28 person qualitative interview was conducted. Qualitative data are added to reduce the limitations of online questionnaires. At the same time, we can also critically study the VB of Chinese medical students during COVID-19. The results showed that there were various reasons for medical students to volunteer in the process of fighting against COVID-19, and the experience of volunteer service and the impact on their future life were different. Lastly, the current findings suggest that fostering volunteerism among medical students requires the joint effort of the government, non-profit organizations, and medical colleges.
新冠疫情爆发后，普通民众的健康状况受到巨大威胁，卫生系统也面临巨大挑战。作为卫生领域人力资本的关键成员，具备专业知识和技能的医学生通过提供志愿服务积极抗击疫情，增强了卫生系统的韧性。尽管志愿行为（VB）与个体内在动机相关，但关于医学生之间这种关系的证据很少，尤其是潜在机制方面。因此，本研究有两个主要目标：（1）考察医学生亲社会动机（PM）对其志愿行为的影响；（2）验证使命感与职业认同感（CV）以及社会责任（SR）在PM与VB关系中的链式中介作用。研究一：共邀请2454名中国全日制医学生完成在线调查。采用描述性统计、Pearson相关系数和多元线性回归分析进行数据分析。结果表明，PM对医学生的VB有显著影响（β = 0.098，< 0.001）；CV以及SR在PM与VB的关系中起链式中介作用（β = 0.084，< 0.001）。PM通过积极唤起医学生的CV促进SR的形成，进而导致VB增加。研究二：进行了28人的定性访谈。增加定性数据以减少在线问卷的局限性。同时，我们也可以批判性地研究新冠疫情期间中国医学生的VB。结果表明，医学生在抗击新冠疫情过程中参与志愿服务的原因多种多样，志愿服务经历及其对他们未来生活的影响也各不相同。最后，目前的研究结果表明，培养医学生的志愿服务精神需要政府、非营利组织和医学院共同努力。
