Gilet Anne-Laure, Evrard Christelle, Galharret Jean-Michel, Colombel Fabienne
Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL - EA 4638), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
Laboratoire de Mathématiques Jean Leray (LMJL-UMR 6629), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 12;11:606249. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.606249. eCollection 2020.
Studies regularly show that an age-based stereotype threat impairs older adults' performance on memory tasks. Results regarding stereotype threat effects on false memories are less clear. Some studies suggest that education may moderate the relationship between an age-related stereotype threat and episodic memory performance in older adults. The present study aimed at examining the moderating role of education on the relationship between perceived stereotype threat (PST) and false memories in older adults. With this aim, 82 adults between 60 and 70 years of age performed a Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task followed by a free recall test and completed questionnaires assessing both their perception of an age-based stereotype threat and their education level. Regression analyses showed no effect of PST on the production of critical lures. However, as was expected, our results showed that in higher educated older adults, as the perception of stereotype increases, the production of critical lures increases. These results confirm the moderating role of education and highlight its key role in the relationship between the age-based stereotype threat and older adults' susceptibility to false memories.
研究经常表明，基于年龄的刻板印象威胁会损害老年人在记忆任务中的表现。关于刻板印象威胁对错误记忆影响的结果尚不清楚。一些研究表明，教育可能会调节与年龄相关的刻板印象威胁与老年人情景记忆表现之间的关系。本研究旨在考察教育在老年人感知到的刻板印象威胁（PST）与错误记忆之间关系中的调节作用。为此，82名60至70岁的成年人完成了一项迪ese-罗德尼格-麦克德莫特（DRM）任务，随后进行了自由回忆测试，并填写了问卷，评估他们对基于年龄的刻板印象威胁的感知以及他们的教育水平。回归分析表明，PST对关键诱饵的产生没有影响。然而，正如预期的那样，我们的结果表明，在受教育程度较高的老年人中，随着刻板印象感知的增加，关键诱饵的产生也会增加。这些结果证实了教育的调节作用，并突出了其在基于年龄的刻板印象威胁与老年人易受错误记忆影响之间关系中的关键作用。
