Naurita Melani, Wibowo Yosi I, Setiadi Adji P, Setiawan Eko, Halim Steven V, Sunderland Bruce
BSc. Pharm. Master Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya . Surabaya ( Indonesia ).
PhD. Senior Lecturer. Centre for Medicines Information and Pharmaceutical Care (CMIPC), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya . Surabaya ( Indonesia ).
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2021 Jan-Mar;19(1):2167. doi: 10.18549/PharmPract.2021.1.2167. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
The provision of information by pharmacy staff is a key factor to ensure patients' understanding and quality use of medications, including antibiotics. However, little is known regarding the transmission of information between pharmacy staff and patients in Indonesia.
This study aimed to identify information on antibiotics provided by pharmacy staff and recalled by patients in an Indonesian outpatient setting.
The study was conducted in a hospital outpatient clinic in Malang, Indonesia, in 2019. A checklist was used to obtain the data on information provided by pharmacy staff, while interviews were conducted to determine information recalled by patients (only presenting patients were included); a total of 15 information items - i.e. 14 essential and one secondary - were observed. Descriptive analysis was used to summarise data on the checklists ('given' versus 'not given') as well as responses from the interviews ('recalled' versus 'missed').
Eleven pharmacy staff (two pharmacists and nine pharmacy technicians) were involved in providing information for patients obtaining oral antibiotics during the study period. Of 14 essential information items, only about half was given by pharmacy staff, with pharmacists significantly providing on average more information items than pharmacy technicians (7.96 versus 7.67 respectively; p<0.001). The most frequently information items provided (>90%) included "antibiotic identification", "indication", administration directions (i.e. "dosage", "frequency", "hour of administration", "administration before/after meal", "route of administration"), and "duration of use". A total of 230 patients consented to the study, giving 79.9% response rate. The average number of information items recalled by patients was 7.09 (SD 1.45). Almost all patients could recall information on administration directions [i.e. "route of administration" (97.0%), "frequency" (95.2%), "dosage" (92.6%), "hour of administration" (85.7%), "administration before/after meal" (89.1%)] and "duration of use" (90.9%). Fewer patients were able to recall "antibiotic identification" (76.5%) and "indication" (77.0%).
Pharmacy staff provided antibiotic information in a limited fashion, while patients showed adequate ability to recall the information given to them. Further study is needed to better understand the effective process of information transmission between pharmacy staff and patients, especially if more information was provided, to better optimise the use of antibiotics in outpatient settings in Indonesia.
药房工作人员提供信息是确保患者理解并合理使用药物（包括抗生素）的关键因素。然而，关于印度尼西亚药房工作人员与患者之间信息传递的情况却知之甚少。
本研究旨在确定印度尼西亚门诊环境下药房工作人员提供的以及患者回忆起的抗生素相关信息。
该研究于2019年在印度尼西亚玛琅的一家医院门诊进行。使用一份清单来获取药房工作人员提供的信息数据，同时进行访谈以确定患者回忆起的信息（仅纳入前来就诊的患者）；共观察了15项信息内容，即14项基本信息和1项次要信息。采用描述性分析来总结清单上的数据（“已提供”与“未提供”）以及访谈的回复（“回忆起”与“遗漏”）。
在研究期间，11名药房工作人员（2名药剂师和9名药房技术员）参与为获取口服抗生素的患者提供信息。在14项基本信息中，药房工作人员仅提供了约一半，药剂师平均提供的信息内容显著多于药房技术员（分别为7.96项和7.67项；p<0.001）。提供频率最高（>90%）的信息内容包括“抗生素识别”“适应症”、给药说明（即“剂量”“频率”“给药时间”“饭前/饭后给药”“给药途径”）以及“使用时长”。共有230名患者同意参与研究，回复率为79.9%。患者回忆起的信息内容平均数量为7.09项（标准差1.45）。几乎所有患者都能回忆起给药说明[即“给药途径”（97.0%）、“频率”（95.2%）、“剂量”（92.6%）、“给药时间”（85.7%）、“饭前/饭后给药”（89.1%）]以及“使用时长”（90.9%）。能回忆起“抗生素识别”（76.5%）和“适应症”（77.0%）的患者较少。
药房工作人员提供抗生素信息的方式有限，而患者表现出了足够的能力来回忆所提供给他们的信息。需要进一步开展研究，以更好地了解药房工作人员与患者之间信息传递的有效过程，特别是在提供了更多信息的情况下，以便更好地优化印度尼西亚门诊环境中抗生素的使用。
