影响印度尼西亚东部社区药房自我药疗咨询现状的因素：一项定性研究
Factors influencing the current practice of self-medication consultations in Eastern Indonesian community pharmacies: a qualitative study.
作者信息
Brata Cecilia, Fisher Colleen, Marjadi Brahmaputra, Schneider Carl R, Clifford Rhonda M
机构信息
Centre of Medicine Information and Pharmaceutical Care, The University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2016 May 13;16:179. doi: 10.1186/s12913-016-1425-3.
BACKGROUND
Research has shown that the current practice of pharmacy staff when providing self-medication consultations in Indonesia is suboptimal. To improve the performance of pharmacy staff when providing self-medication consultations in community pharmacies, the factors that influence current practice need to be understood. The aim of this study is to identify the factors that influence current practice of pharmacy staff when handling self-medication consultations in Eastern Indonesian community pharmacies.
METHODS
Fifteen in-depth interviews were conducted with pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, pharmacy owners, and counter attendants. Thematic analysis was used to generate findings.
RESULTS
The current practice of pharmacy staff when handling self-medication consultations is directly influenced by the professionalism of pharmacy staff and patient responses to the consultations. These factors are in turn affected by the organisational context of the pharmacy and the external pharmacy environment. The organisational context of the pharmacy includes staffing, staff affordability, and the availability of time and facilities in which to provide consultations. The external pharmacy environment includes the number of trained pharmacy staff in the research setting, the relevance of pharmacy education to the needs of pharmacy practice, the support offered by the Indonesian Pharmacists Association, a competitive business environment, and the policy environment.
CONCLUSION
Complex and inter-related factors influence the current practice of pharmacy staff when providing self-medication consultations in community pharmacies in this research setting. Multiple strategies will be required to improve consultation practices.
背景
研究表明，印度尼西亚药房工作人员在提供自我药疗咨询时的当前做法并不理想。为了提高社区药房工作人员在提供自我药疗咨询时的表现，需要了解影响当前做法的因素。本研究的目的是确定影响印度尼西亚东部社区药房工作人员在处理自我药疗咨询时当前做法的因素。
方法
对药剂师、药房技术员、药房老板和柜台服务员进行了15次深入访谈。采用主题分析法得出研究结果。
结果
药房工作人员在处理自我药疗咨询时的当前做法直接受到药房工作人员的专业素养和患者对咨询的反应的影响。这些因素反过来又受到药房的组织环境和外部药房环境的影响。药房的组织环境包括人员配备、员工可承受能力以及提供咨询的时间和设施的可用性。外部药房环境包括研究环境中经过培训的药房工作人员数量、药学教育与药学实践需求的相关性、印度尼西亚药剂师协会提供的支持、竞争激烈的商业环境以及政策环境。
结论
在本研究环境中，复杂且相互关联的因素影响着社区药房工作人员在提供自我药疗咨询时的当前做法。需要多种策略来改善咨询做法。
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