Zardawi Faraedon, Gul Sarhang, Abdulkareem Ali, Sha Aram, Yates Julian
Periodontics Department, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Jan 15;7:625579. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.625579. eCollection 2020.
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is an inflammatory disease of the coronary arteries associated with atheroma formation, which can cause disability and often death. Periodontitis is ranked as the sixth most prevalent disease affecting humans affecting 740 million people worldwide. In the last few decades, researchers have focused on the effect of periodontal disease (PD) on cardiovascular disease. The aim of this review was to investigate the association between these two diseases. PD is a potential risk factor that may initiate the development, maturation, and instability of atheroma in the arteries. Two mechanisms were proposed to explain such association, either periodontal pathogens directly invade bloodstream or indirectly by increasing systemic level of inflammatory mediators. Interestingly, it has been suggested that improvement in the condition of one disease positively impact the condition of the other one. Highlighting the association between these two diseases, the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of PD and its impact on cardiovascular status may be of great value in reducing the complications associated with ACVDs. Further and studies with longer follow up are necessary to confirm the causal relationship between PD and ACVDs.
动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ACVD）是一种与动脉粥样瘤形成相关的冠状动脉炎症性疾病，可导致残疾甚至常常死亡。牙周炎是影响人类的第六大常见疾病，全球有7.4亿人受其影响。在过去几十年里，研究人员一直关注牙周疾病（PD）对心血管疾病的影响。本综述的目的是研究这两种疾病之间的关联。牙周炎是一个潜在风险因素，可能引发动脉粥样瘤的发生、成熟和不稳定。提出了两种机制来解释这种关联，要么是牙周病原体直接侵入血流，要么是通过提高全身炎症介质水平间接侵入。有趣的是，有人提出一种疾病状况的改善会对另一种疾病状况产生积极影响。强调这两种疾病之间的关联，牙周炎早期诊断和治疗的重要性及其对心血管状况的影响，对于减少与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病相关的并发症可能具有重要价值。需要进一步开展更长随访期的研究来证实牙周炎与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病之间的因果关系。
