吸入母亲母乳气味对早产儿乙肝疫苗所致疼痛行为反应的影响：一项随机临床试验。
The effect of inhaling mother's breast milk odor on the behavioral responses to pain caused by hepatitis B vaccine in preterm infants: a randomized clinical trial.
机构信息
Non-Communicable Pediatric Disease Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2021 Feb 1;21(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s12887-021-02519-0.
BACKGROUND
Nowadays, it is generally assumed that non-pharmacologic pain relief in preterm infants is an important measure to consider. Research findings suggest that familiar odors have soothing effects for neonates. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of maternal breast milk odor (MBMO) with that of another mother's breast milk odor (BMO) on the behavioral responses to pain caused by hepatitis B (HB) vaccine injection in preterm infants.
METHODS
This single-blind randomized clinical trial was performed over the period between February 2019 and March 2020 in the neonatal intensive care unit of Babol Rouhani Hospital, Iran. Ninety preterm infants, who were supposed to receive their HB vaccine, were randomly assigned into three groups: MBMO (A), another mother's BMO (B), and control with distilled water(C). Oxygen saturation (SaO2), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded for all participants through electronic monitoring. In addition, premature infant pain profiles (PIPP) were determined through video recording for all three groups during intervention. The chi-square, ANOVA and ANCOVA were used for analyzing the data, and P < 0.05 was considered significant in this study.
RESULTS
No significant differences were found between the three groups in mean ± SD of HR, BP, and Sao2 before the intervention (P > 0.05). After the intervention, however, the means for heart rate in groups A, B, and C were 146 ± 14.3, 153 ± 17.5 and 155 ± 17.7, respectively (P = 0.012). Moreover, the means for PIPP scores in groups A, B and C were 6.6 ± 1.3, 10 ± 2, and 11.4 ± 1.9, respectively (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference found between groups in their means of SaO2, systolic and diastolic blood pressure after the intervention (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that stimulation with MBMO is effective in reducing pain in preterm infants; therefore, it can be postulated that this technique can be considered in less invasive procedures such as needling.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
IRCT, IRCT20190220042771N1 . Registered 18 May 2019- Retrospectively registered.
背景
目前，人们普遍认为，非药物性疼痛缓解是早产儿的重要考虑措施。研究结果表明，熟悉的气味对新生儿有舒缓作用。本研究的目的是比较母亲母乳气味（MBMO）与另一位母亲母乳气味（BMO）对乙肝（HB）疫苗注射引起的早产儿疼痛行为反应的影响。
方法
这是一项单盲随机临床试验，于 2019 年 2 月至 2020 年 3 月在伊朗博尔鲁哈尼医院新生儿重症监护病房进行。90 名早产儿将接受乙肝疫苗接种，他们被随机分为三组：MBMO（A）、另一位母亲的 BMO（B）和对照组（C）。通过电子监测记录所有参与者的血氧饱和度（SaO2）、血压（BP）和心率（HR）。此外，对所有三组在干预期间进行视频记录，通过早产儿疼痛评分表（PIPP）进行评估。采用卡方检验、方差分析和协方差分析进行数据分析，P<0.05 为差异有统计学意义。
结果
在干预前，三组的 HR、BP 和 Sao2 的平均值差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。然而，在干预后，A、B 和 C 组的心率均值分别为 146±14.3、153±17.5 和 155±17.7（P=0.012）。此外，A、B 和 C 组的 PIPP 评分均值分别为 6.6±1.3、10±2 和 11.4±1.9（P<0.001）。干预后，三组 SaO2、收缩压和舒张压的平均值差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。
结论
结果表明，MBMO 刺激可有效减轻早产儿的疼痛，因此可以假设，在针刺等非侵入性操作中可以考虑使用这种技术。
试验注册
IRCT，IRCT20190220042771N1。注册日期 2019 年 5 月 18 日-回溯注册。
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