Du Yang, Fang Qiannan, Zheng Song-Guo
Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1278:1-31. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-6407-9_1.
Regulatory T cells (Treg) play an indispensable role in maintaining the body's immune nonresponse to self-antigens and suppressing the body's unwarranted and potentially harmful immune responses. Their absence, reduction, dysfunction, transformation, and instability can lead to numerous autoimmune diseases. There are several distinct subtypes of the Treg cells, although they share certain biological characteristics and have unique phenotypes with different regulatory functions, as well as mechanistic abilities. In this book chapter, we introduce the latest advances in Treg cell subtypes pertaining to classification, phenotype, biological characteristics, and mechanisms. We also highlight the relationship between Treg cells and various diseases, including autoimmune, infectious, as well as tumors and organ transplants.
调节性T细胞（Treg）在维持机体对自身抗原的免疫无反应性以及抑制机体不必要的潜在有害免疫反应中发挥着不可或缺的作用。它们的缺失、减少、功能障碍、转化和不稳定性可导致多种自身免疫性疾病。Treg细胞有几种不同的亚型，尽管它们具有某些共同的生物学特性，并且具有不同调节功能以及作用机制的独特表型。在本章中，我们介绍了Treg细胞亚型在分类、表型、生物学特性和作用机制方面的最新进展。我们还强调了Treg细胞与各种疾病之间的关系，包括自身免疫性疾病、感染性疾病以及肿瘤和器官移植。
