The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, UK.
The Bell Equine Veterinary Clinic, Maidstone, UK.
Equine Vet J. 2022 Jan;54(1):52-62. doi: 10.1111/evj.13429. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
Studies in rodents and humans have demonstrated that intestinal manipulation or surgical trauma initiates an inflammatory response in the intestine which results in leucocyte recruitment to the muscularis externa causing smooth muscle dysfunction.
To examine the intestinal inflammatory response in horses undergoing colic surgery by measuring relative differential gene expression in intestinal tissues harvested from surgical colic cases and control horses.
Prospective case-control study.
Mucosa and muscularis externa were harvested from healthy margins of resected small intestine from horses undergoing colic surgery (n = 12) and from intestine derived from control horses euthanised for reasons unrelated to the gastrointestinal tract (n = 6). Tissue was analysed for genes encoding proteins involved in the inflammatory response: interleukin (IL) 6 and IL1β, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1). Relative expression of these genes was compared between the two groups. Further analysis was applied to the colic cases to determine whether the magnitude of relative gene expression was associated with the subsequent development of post-operative reflux (POR).
Samples obtained from colic cases had increased relative expression of IL1β, IL6, CCL2 and TNF in the mucosa and muscularis externa when compared with the control group. There was no difference in relative gene expression between proximal and distal resection margins and no association between duration of colic, age, resection length, short-term survival and the presence of pre-operative reflux and the relative expression of the genes of interest. Horses that developed POR had significantly greater relative gene expression of TNF in the mucosa compared with horses that did not develop POR.
Small sample size per group and variation within the colic cases.
These preliminary data support an upregulation of inflammatory genes in the intestine of horses undergoing colic surgery.
在啮齿动物和人类中的研究表明，肠道操作或手术创伤会引发肠道内的炎症反应，导致白细胞募集到外肌层，从而导致平滑肌功能障碍。
通过测量从手术性腹痛病例和对照马中采集的肠组织中相对差异基因表达，检查接受腹痛手术的马的肠道炎症反应。
前瞻性病例对照研究。
从接受腹痛手术的马（n=12）的小肠切除健康边缘和因与胃肠道无关的原因安乐死的对照马（n=6）的肠组织中采集黏膜和外肌层。分析编码参与炎症反应的蛋白的基因：白细胞介素（IL）6 和 IL1β、C-C 基序趋化因子配体 2（CCL2）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）、前列腺素内过氧化物合酶 2（PTGS2）和吲哚胺 2,3-双加氧酶（IDO1）。比较两组之间这些基因的相对表达。进一步的分析应用于腹痛病例，以确定相对基因表达的程度是否与术后反流（POR）的发生有关。
与对照组相比，腹痛病例的黏膜和外肌层中 IL1β、IL6、CCL2 和 TNF 的相对表达增加。近端和远端切除边缘之间的相对基因表达没有差异，并且腹痛持续时间、年龄、切除长度、短期存活率以及术前反流的存在与感兴趣基因的相对表达之间没有关联。发生 POR 的马的 TNF 黏膜相对基因表达明显高于未发生 POR 的马。
每组的样本量小，腹痛病例内的变异。
这些初步数据支持在接受腹痛手术的马的肠道中炎症基因的上调。
