Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India.
Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India.
Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2021 Apr;1875(2):188517. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188517. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
Dysregulation of transcription factors is one of the common problems in the pathogenesis of human cancer. Among them, SOX9 is one of the critical transcription factors involved in various diseases, including cancer. The expression of SOX9 is regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), methylation, phosphorylation, and acetylation. Interestingly, SOX9 acts as a proto-oncogene or tumor suppressor gene, relying upon kinds of cancer. Recent studies have reported the critical role of SOX9 in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, activation of SOX9 signaling or SOX9 regulated signaling pathways play a crucial role in cancer development and progression. Accumulating evidence also suggests that SOX9 acquires stem cell features to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, SOX9 has been broadly studied in the field of cancer stem cell (CSC) and EMT in the last decades. However, the link between SOX9 and cancer drug resistance has only recently been discovered. Furthermore, its differential expression could be a potential biomarker for tumor prognosis and progression. This review outlined the various biological implications of SOX9 in cancer progression and cancer drug resistance and elucidated its signaling network, which could be a potential target for designing novel anticancer drugs.
转录因子失调是人类癌症发病机制中的常见问题之一。其中，SOX9 是涉及多种疾病（包括癌症）的关键转录因子之一。SOX9 的表达受 microRNAs（miRNAs）、甲基化、磷酸化和乙酰化的调控。有趣的是，SOX9 作为原癌基因或肿瘤抑制基因，取决于各种癌症。最近的研究报告称，SOX9 在肿瘤微环境（TME）的调节中具有关键作用。此外，SOX9 信号的激活或 SOX9 调节的信号通路在癌症的发生和发展中起着至关重要的作用。越来越多的证据还表明，SOX9 获得干细胞特征，诱导上皮-间充质转化（EMT）。此外，在过去几十年中，SOX9 已在癌症干细胞（CSC）和 EMT 领域得到广泛研究。然而，SOX9 与癌症耐药性之间的联系最近才被发现。此外，其差异表达可能是肿瘤预后和进展的潜在生物标志物。本综述概述了 SOX9 在癌症进展和癌症耐药性中的各种生物学意义，并阐明了其信号网络，这可能是设计新型抗癌药物的潜在靶点。
