Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jun 1;771:145411. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145411. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
Residential solid fuel combustion is a major emission source of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in most developing countries, including China; however, accurate estimates of PAH emissions are often challenged by limited real-world emission factors (EFs) under field conditions, which can hardly be repeated in laboratory-controlled tests. In this study, a series of field measurements was conducted to determine the emissions of 28 PAHs from different fuel-stove combinations. A total of 14 fuel-stove combinations were studied. The total EFs of 28 PAHs (EF), on the basis of fuel mass, ranged from 20.7 to 535 mg/kg, with relatively lower EFs for coal than for biomass. Biomass burning in gasifier stoves had lower PAH EFs and fewer toxic PAH species than biomass burning in traditional brick stoves. Fuel type was a significant factor affecting PAH emissions, while stove difference had a relatively smaller influence. Much higher EFs were found from these field tests than from the idealized laboratory tests, which indicated significant underestimation in inventories based on the laboratory-based EFs. Biomass and coal had different profiles, with larger intra-fuel variations in coal than those in biomass. Highly variable values of some, though not all, commonly used isomer ratios indicated substantial biases in source apportionment relying on single or simple ratios without correction, and the MCE was found to be significantly corrected with some ratios.
居民固体燃料燃烧是包括中国在内的大多数发展中国家多环芳烃（PAHs）的主要排放源；然而，由于实地条件下有限的真实排放因子（EFs），往往难以在实验室控制的测试中重复，因此准确估算 PAH 排放仍然具有挑战性。在本研究中，进行了一系列现场测量，以确定来自不同燃料炉灶组合的 28 种 PAHs 的排放。共研究了 14 种燃料炉灶组合。基于燃料质量，28 种 PAHs 的总排放因子（EF）范围为 20.7 至 535mg/kg，煤的 EF 相对较低，而生物质的 EF 相对较高。与传统砖炉中的生物质燃烧相比，气化炉中的生物质燃烧具有较低的 PAH EF 和较少的有毒 PAH 种类。燃料类型是影响 PAH 排放的重要因素，而炉灶差异的影响相对较小。与理想化的实验室测试相比，这些现场测试发现的 EF 要高得多，这表明基于实验室 EF 的清单存在严重低估。生物质和煤具有不同的特征，煤的燃料内变化比生物质大。尽管不是所有常用异构体比值都存在很大的变化，但一些比值表明，在没有校正的情况下，仅依赖单一或简单比值进行源分配存在很大的偏差，并且发现 MCE 可以通过一些比值得到显著校正。
