Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 May 10;14(1):10763. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61498-1.
The association between cooking fuel and hearing loss still needs more research to clarify, and two longitudinal cohort studies were explored to find if solid fuel use for cooking affected hearing in Chinese adults. The data from Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) and Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were analyzed. Participants (older than 18) without hearing loss at baseline and follow-up visits were included, which were divided into clean fuel and solid fuel groups. Hearing loss rate was from follow-up visits (both in year 2011) until the recent one (year 2018 in CHARLS and 2019 in CLHLS). Cox regressions were applied to examine the associations with adjustment for potential confounders. Fixed-effect meta-analysis was used to pool the results. A total of 9049 participants (average age 8.34 ± 9.12 [mean ± SD] years; 4247 [46.93%] males) were included in CHARLS cohort study and 2265 participants (average age, 78.75 ± 9.23 [mean ± SD] years; 1148 [49.32%] males) in CLHLS cohort study. There were 1518 (16.78%) participants in CHARLS cohort and 451 (19.91%) participants in CLHLS cohort who developed hearing loss. The group of using solid fuel for cooking had a higher risk of hearing loss (CHARLS: HR, 1.16; 95% CI 1.03-1.30; CLHLS: HR, 1.43; 95% CI 1.11-1.84) compared with the one of using clean fuel. Pooled hazard ratio showed the incidence of hearing loss in the solid fuel users was 1.17 (1.03, 1.29) times higher than that of clean fuel users. Hearing loss was associated with solid fuel use and older people were at higher risk. It is advised to replace solid fuel by clean fuel that may promote health equity.
固体燃料烹饪与听力损失之间的关联仍需要更多的研究来阐明，因此我们进行了两项纵向队列研究，以探讨中国成年人中固体燃料烹饪是否会影响听力。本研究分析了中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）和中国老年健康长寿调查（CLHLS）的数据。纳入了在基线和随访时无听力损失且完成随访（均在 2011 年）的参与者，并将其分为清洁燃料组和固体燃料组。听力损失率来自于随访（CHARLS 为 2018 年，CLHLS 为 2019 年）直至最近一次随访。应用 Cox 回归模型调整潜在混杂因素后，评估了与听力损失的相关性。使用固定效应荟萃分析对结果进行汇总。CHARLS 队列研究共纳入 9049 名参与者（平均年龄 8.34±9.12 岁[均数±标准差]；4247 名男性[46.93%]），CLHLS 队列研究共纳入 2265 名参与者（平均年龄 78.75±9.23 岁[均数±标准差]；1148 名男性[49.32%]）。CHARLS 队列研究中有 1518 名（16.78%）参与者和 CLHLS 队列研究中有 451 名（19.91%）参与者发生了听力损失。与使用清洁燃料相比，使用固体燃料烹饪的参与者发生听力损失的风险更高（CHARLS：HR，1.16；95%CI，1.03-1.30；CLHLS：HR，1.43；95%CI，1.11-1.84）。汇总风险比显示，固体燃料使用者发生听力损失的风险是清洁燃料使用者的 1.17 倍（1.03，1.29）。听力损失与固体燃料的使用有关，老年人的风险更高。建议用清洁燃料替代固体燃料，这可能会促进健康公平。
