Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Int J STD AIDS. 2021 Mar;32(3):257-265. doi: 10.1177/0956462420960632. Epub 2021 Feb 1.
The growing trend of HIV/AIDS is a major concern in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions, as its incidence in the region has increased by 31% in the last decade. The study population in the countries of the MENA region included 21 countries with a population of approximately 400 million. The Global Burden of Disease database was used to calculate the number of HIV/AIDS cases. Modeling for each country is based on the availability and quality of data. The highest incidence rates of HIV/AIDS were in Sudan, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Tunisia, and Iran, respectively, and the highest mortality rates were in Sudan, UAE, Oman, and Morocco, respectively. The incidence, prevalence and mortality rates, as well as the disability adjusted life years (DALYs) rate declined in 2017 compared to 1990. The highest percentage of changes in DALY rates was reported for Turkey, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Sudan, respectively, and the lowest for Qatar, Kuwait, and Bahrain. In general, unsafe sex had the highest impact on the DALY index in all countries in the region except Iran and Bahrain. Policymakers should therefore be encouraged to develop harm reduction programs for people living with HIV, and invest globally in reducing HIV prevalence rates in commercial sex workers, people who inject drugs, and men who have sex with men in the region, as well as eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission.
艾滋病毒/艾滋病的增长趋势是中东和北非（MENA）地区的主要关注点，因为该地区的发病率在过去十年中增加了 31%。MENA 地区的研究人群包括 21 个国家，人口约为 4 亿。使用全球疾病负担数据库来计算艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例的数量。对每个国家的建模是基于数据的可用性和质量。艾滋病毒/艾滋病发病率最高的国家分别是苏丹、阿拉伯联合酋长国、突尼斯和伊朗，死亡率最高的国家分别是苏丹、阿拉伯联合酋长国、阿曼和摩洛哥。与 1990 年相比，2017 年的发病率、流行率和死亡率以及残疾调整生命年（DALY）率有所下降。报告的 DALY 率变化百分比最高的国家分别是土耳其、阿拉伯联合酋长国和苏丹，而卡塔尔、科威特和巴林的变化百分比最低。总的来说，除了伊朗和巴林之外，在该地区所有国家中，不安全的性行为对 DALY 指数的影响最大。因此，应鼓励决策者为艾滋病毒感染者制定减少伤害方案，并在全球范围内投资，以降低该地区商业性工作者、注射毒品者和男男性行为者中的艾滋病毒流行率，并消除母婴传播艾滋病毒。
